Resistivity and Ultrasonic Velocity Measurements During CO2-brine Drainage and Imbibition

Two different experimental approaches for studying CO2–brine displacement and relation to a heterogeneous (layered) rock drilled perpendicular and parallel to bedding under isotropic is presented: One uses CT imaging to locally resolve the structural heterogeneity effect on pore fluid distribution and saturation and directly linking it to the geophysical measurements (resistivity and sonic velocity), the other using a ring electrode sample sleeve design to resolve local changes in resistivity in the flow direction during displacement. The studies demonstrates the importance and impact of sub core scale heterogeneity and flow/permeability anisotropy in dictating the electrical conductivity and sonic velocity response, locally and globally, during drainage and imbibition.