A Quantitative Evaluation Method for Fault Lateral Sealing Based on Three-Dimensional Lithofacies Modelling

The lateral sealing capacity of faults is an important factor affecting the hydrocarbon accumulation and distribution, and it is also one of the important indicators for evaluating the risk of traps in the exploration stage. In the traditional research, it is considered that the sealing of faults is in the extreme state of “seal” or “non-seal”, and most of the research on faults is in the qualitative description stage in 2-D space. Therefore, it is an urgent problem that quantitatively evaluate the lateral fault seals in3-D space. Based on the analysis of lateral fault seal mechanism,We put forward an innovative and effective method that is to establish a 3-D lithfacies model conforming to geological rules by means of stochastic modeling under seismic body attributes and logging constraints. The 3-D facies model can obtain the SGR value and the fault-juxtaposition map on both sides of the fault, and estimate the maximum hydrocarbon column height supported by the fault. This method can directly quantify the lateral sealing ability and the docking state of each part of the reaction fault plane, so as to reduce the drilling risk of fault traps effectively and improve the success rate of exploration.