1887

Abstract

Summary

Characterizing the mechanical and hydraulic properties of fractures is crucial in hydrocarbon and geothermal field development. Contrary to passive microseismic measurements, active seismic measurements using a borehole, e.g., VSP or sonic logging, have a potential to address aseismic fractures. However, there is a considerable scale gap between the characteristic wavelength in VSP and in sonic logging, which hinders consistent interpretations of active and passive measurements. Recent developments of reflection imaging using microearthquakes and dipole acoustic data successfully image individual fractures or clusters of them around a borehole, which indicates the potential to fill the gap by addressing quantitative fracture properties around a borehole up to a few tens of meters away from the borehole. In this study, we couple the least-squares migration with the linear-slip theory in order to achieve high-resolution reflection imaging of fracture compliances around a borehole, which are then useful to characterize microscale structures at the fracture. Tests in the laboratory successfully characterize the spatially varying fracture compliance due to the partial inclusion of water in the fracture. Numerical modelling tests of the source-receiver configuration of acoustic dipole measurements and random background media shows the potential of the proposed approach for quantitatively imaging fractures around a borehole.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/papers/10.3997/2214-4609.201902521
2019-09-08
2024-03-28
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

References

  1. Green, A. S. P., Baria, R. and Jones, R.
    [1989] VSP and Cross-hole seismic surveys used to determine reservoir characteristics of a hot dry rock geothermal system.International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts, 26(3), 271–280.
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Nemeth, T., C.Wu, and G. T.Schuster
    [1999] Least-squares migration of incomplete reflection data.Geophysics, 64, 208–221.
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Hobday, C., and Worthington, M.
    [2012] Field measurements of normal and shear fracture compliance.Geophysical Prospecting, 60, 488–499.
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Lee, S. Q., Tang, X. M. and Su, Y. D.
    [2019] Shear wave imaging to determine near-borehole faults for ocean drilling exploration.Geophysical Journal International, 217, 288–293.
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Li, J., Innanen, K. A. and Tao, G.
    [2017] Extraction of reflected events from sonic-log waveforms using the Karhunen-Loève transform.Geophysics, 82(5), D265–D277.
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Lubbe, R., Sothcott, J., Worthington, M. and McCann, C.
    [2008] Laboratory estimates of normal and shear fracture compliance.Geophysical Prospecting, 56, 239–247.
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Minato, S., Ghose, R. and Osukuku, G.
    [2018a] Experimental verification of spatially varying fracture-compliance estimates obtained from amplitude variation with offset in version coupled with linear slip theory.Geophysics, 83, WA1–WA8.
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Minato, S., Ghose, R. and Wapenaar, K.
    [2018b] Seismic modelling and inversion of nonwelded interfaces using the boundary integral equation.Proceedings of the 13th SEGJ International Symposium.
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Nakagawa, S., Nihei, K. and Myer, L.
    [2000] Shear-induced conversion of seismic waves across single fractures.International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 37, 203–218.
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Nemoto, K., Moriya, H., Niitsuma, H. and Tsuchiya, N.
    [2008] Mechanical and hydraulic coupling of injection-induced slip along pre-existing fractures.Geothermics, 37(2), 157–172.
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Niitsuma, H., Fehler, M., Jones, R., Wilson, S., Albright, J., Green, A., Baria, R., Hayashi, K., Kaieda, H., Tezuka, K., Jupe, A., Wallroth, T., Cornet, F., Asanuma, H., Moriya, H., Nagano, K., Phillips, W. S., Rutledge, J., House, L., Beauce, A., Alde, D. and Aster, R.
    [1999] Current status of seismic and borehole measurements for HDR/HWR development.Geothermics, 28(4), 475–490.
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Prioul, R. and Jocker, J.
    [2009] Fracture characterization at multiple scales using borehole images, sonic logs, and walkaround vertical seismic profile.AAPG bulletin, 93(11), 1503–1516.
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Reshetnikov, A., Buske, S. and Shapiro, S. A.
    [2010] Seismic imaging using microseismic events: Results from the San Andreas Fault System at SAFOD, Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 115 (B12324).
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Schoenberg, M.
    [1980] Elastic wave behavior across linear slip interfaces.The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 68, 1516–1521.
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Tang, X. M., and Patterson, D. J.
    [2009] Single-well S-wave imaging using multicomponent dipole acoustic-log data.Geophysics, 74, WCA211–WCA223.
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Wapenaar, K.
    [2007] General representations for wavefield modeling and inversion in geophysics.Geophysics, 72, SM5–SM17.
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Worthington, M. H., and Hudson, J. A.
    [2000] Fault properties from seismic Q.Geophysical Journal International, 143, 937–944.
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/papers/10.3997/2214-4609.201902521
Loading
/content/papers/10.3997/2214-4609.201902521
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error