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Automated delineation of geological elements from 3D seismic data through analysis of multichannel, volumetric spectral decomposition data
- Source: First Break, Volume 25, Issue 3, Mar 2007,
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- 01 Mar 2007
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Abstract
Jonathan Henderson,Stephen J Purves,and Chris Leppard describe some innovative volumetric spectral decomposition techniques designed to optimize the amount of geological information obtainable from seismic data sets. The spectral content of recorded seismic data is dependent on the acoustic properties of the earth along the propagation path. Variations in spectral content occur due to variations in bed thickness/tuning effects, the nature of the interface between different layers (fining/coarsening sequences) and changes in pore-fill, in particular the presence of gas. Although in most instances insufficient information is available to isolate why a particular change in the received frequency spectrum has occurred, significant insights can be gained from examining the spatial variation of the response at different frequencies. This has led to substantial interest in spectral decomposition as a seismic interpretation tool for both stratigraphic analysis (Partyka et al., 1999, Marfurt and Kirlin 2001, Johann et al., 2003) and for hydrocarbon detection (Castagna et al., 2003). In general, application of spectral decomposition to interpretation of 3D seismic data has involved extraction of data associated with 2D planes or horizons or producing 3D data sets that show the response at a single frequency. To realize the full potential of spectral decomposition, techniques are required that allow the 3D spatial variation in response at different frequencies to be analyzed and the results of the analysis to be used for 3D delineation of geological elements (GeoBodies).