1887
  1. Home
  2. A-Z Publications
  3. Near Surface Geophysics
  4. Volume 22, Issue 6
  5. Article
Volume 22, Issue 6
  • ISSN: 1569-4445
  • E-ISSN: 1873-0604
PDF

Abstract

Abstract

Understanding hydrogeological processes often requires continuous measurements, which in many cases are not cost‐efficient. Time‐lapse geophysical studies are invaluable for investigating dynamic subsurface processes. They offer several advantages over traditional borehole‐based monitoring methods, such as being cost‐efficient and non‐intrusive. However, to be effective as an early warning tool, these studies must provide real‐time information on the processes. This is often not feasible with traditional geophysical methods, which typically do not offer real‐time monitoring. In this study, we present a windowed inversion approach for time‐lapse transient electromagnetic (TEM) monitoring. The advantages of this approach include: (i) immediate and continuous results as each time‐step dataset is acquired; (ii) no limitations on the size of the monitoring period or dataset; and (iii) the use of model information from previous inversion results for robust and continuous outcomes. The results from a synthetic study are followed by two field case studies, demonstrating the advantages of the windowed inversion compared to the inversion of the full dataset. We monitored the water table dynamics of a shallow unconfined aquifer over 8 months and the saltwater intrusion in a confined aquifer over 10 months using a monitoring TEM (mTEM) system while collecting nearly continuous daily measurements. With the windowed approach, the water table dynamics was recovered with an accuracy of 10 cm, and the changes in salinity were tracked with results comparable to those of an EC data logger.

© 2024 European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers. © 2024 The Author(s). Near Surface Geophysics published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Association of Geoscientists and Engineers.
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/10.1002/nsg.12323
2024-11-18
2024-12-06

  • From This Site

    /content/journals/10.1002/nsg.12323
    dcterms_title,dcterms_subject,pub_keyword
    -contentType:Journal -contentType:Contributor -contentType:Concept -contentType:Institution
    10
    5
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/nsg/22/6/nsg12323.html?itemId=/content/journals/10.1002/nsg.12323&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Al‐Salmi, H.A. & El‐Kaliouby, H. (2015) Application of time‐domain electromagnetic method in mapping sea water intrusion in Al‐Batinah Coastal plain, Al Batinah, Sultant of Oman. In: International Conference on Engineering Geophysics, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates, 15–18 November 2015. Houston: SEG Global Meeting Abstracts. pp. 301–301. https://doi.org/10.1190/iceg2015‐085
  2. Archie, G.E. (1942) The electrical resistivity log as an aid in determining some reservoir characteristics. Transactions of the AIME, 146(01), 54–62. https://doi.org/10.2118/942054‐g
     [Google Scholar]
  3. Auken, E. & Christiansen, A.V. (2004) Layered and laterally constrained 2D inversion of resistivity data. Geophysics, 69(3), 752–761. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1759461
     [Google Scholar]
  4. Auken, E., Christiansen, A.V., Kirkegaard, C., Fiandaca, G., Schamper, C., Behroozmand, A.A. et al. (2015) An overview of a highly versatile forward and stable inverse algorithm for airborne, ground‐based and borehole electromagnetic and electric data. Exploration Geophysics, 46(3), 223–235. https://doi.org/10.1071/EG13097
     [Google Scholar]
  5. Besson, A., Cousin, I., Dorigny, A., Dabas, M. & King, D. (2008) The temperature correction for the electrical resistivity measurements in undisturbed soil samples: analysis of the existing conversion models and proposal of a new model. Soil Science, 173(10), 707–720. https://doi.org/10.1097/SS.0b013e318189397f
     [Google Scholar]
  6. Bording, T.S., Fiandaca, G., Maurya, P.K., Auken, E., Christiansen, A.V., Tuxen, N. et al. (2019) Cross‐borehole tomography with full‐decay spectral time‐domain induced polarization for mapping of potential contaminant flow‐paths. Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, 226, 103523. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2019.103523
     [Google Scholar]
  7. Brunet, P., Clément, R. & Bouvier, C. (2010) Monitoring soil water content and deficit using electrical resistivity tomography (ERT)—A case study in the Cevennes area, France. Journal of Hydrology, 380(1), 146–153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.10.032
     [Google Scholar]
  8. Calderwood, A.J., Pauloo, R.A., Yoder, A.M. & Fogg, G.E. (2020) Low‐cost, open source wireless sensor network for real‐time, scalable groundwater monitoring. Water, 12(4), 1066. https://www.mdpi.com/2073‐4441/12/4/1066
     [Google Scholar]
  9. Chambers, J.E., Gunn, D.A., Wilkinson, P.B., Meldrum, P.I., Haslam, E., Holyoake, S. et al. (2014) 4D electrical resistivity tomography monitoring of soil moisture dynamics in an operational railway embankment. Near Surface Geophysics, 12(1), 61–72. https://doi.org/10.3997/1873‐0604.2013002
     [Google Scholar]
  10. Cheng, K., Su, M., Xue, Y., Ma, X. & Li, C. (2023) Experimental study of small fixed‐loop transient electromagnetic method for characterizing water‐bearing structures in tunnels. Environmental Earth Sciences, 82(14), 359. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665‐023‐11030‐x
     [Google Scholar]
  11. Christiansen, A.V. & Auken, E. (2012) A global measure for depth of investigation. Geophysics, 77(4), WB171–WB177. https://doi.org/10.1190/geo2011‐0393.1
     [Google Scholar]
  12. Christiansen, A.V., Auken, E. & Sørensen, K. (2006) The transient electromagnetic method. In: R.Kirsch (Ed.), Groundwater geophysics: a tool for hydrogeology. Berlin Heidelberg: Springer, pp. 179–225. https://doi.org/10.1007/3‐540‐29387‐6_6.
     [Google Scholar]
  13. Christiansen, A.V. & Christensen, N.B. (2003) A quantitative appraisal of airborne and ground‐based transient electromagnetic (TEM) measurements in Denmark. Geophysics, 68(2), 523–534. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1567220
     [Google Scholar]
  14. de Franco, R., Biella, G., Tosi, L., Teatini, P., Lozej, A., Chiozzotto, B. et al. (2009) Monitoring the saltwater intrusion by time lapse electrical resistivity tomography: the Chioggia test site (Venice Lagoon, Italy). Journal of Applied Geophysics, 69(3), 117–130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jappgeo.2009.08.004
     [Google Scholar]
  15. El‐Kaliouby, H. (2020) Mapping sea water intrusion in coastal area using time‐domain electromagnetic method with different loop dimensions. Journal of Applied Geophysics, 175, 103963. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jappgeo.2020.103963
     [Google Scholar]
  16. Hayashi, M. (2004) Temperature‐electrical conductivity relation of water for environmental monitoring and geophysical data inversion. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 96(1), 119–128. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:EMAS.0000031719.83065.68
     [Google Scholar]
  17. Hayley, K., Bentley, L.R., Gharibi, M. & Nightingale, M. (2007) Low temperature dependence of electrical resistivity: implications for near surface geophysical monitoring. Geophysical Research Letters, 34(18). https://doi.org/10.1029/2007GL031124
     [Google Scholar]
  18. Herckenrath, D., Odlum, N., Nenna, V., Knight, R., Auken, E. & Bauer‐Gottwein, P. (2013) Calibrating a salt water intrusion model with time‐domain electromagnetic data. Groundwater, 51(3), 385–397. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745‐6584.2012.00974.x
     [Google Scholar]
  19. Kneisel, C., Rödder, T. & Schwindt, D. (2014) Frozen ground dynamics resolved by multi‐year and year‐round electrical resistivity monitoring at three alpine sites in the Swiss Alps. Near Surface Geophysics, 12(1), 117–132. https://doi.org/10.3997/1873‐0604.2013067
     [Google Scholar]
  20. Lévy, L., Thalund‐Hansen, R., Bording, T., Fiandaca, G., Christiansen, A.V., Rügge, K. et al. (2022) Quantifying reagent spreading by cross‐borehole electrical tomography to assess performance of groundwater remediation. Water Resources Research, 58(9), e2022WR032218. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022WR032218
     [Google Scholar]
  21. Maurya, P.K., Foged, N., Madsen, L.M. & Christiansen, A.V. (2023) Comparison of towed electromagnetic with airborne electromagnetic and electrical resistivity tomography in a hydrogeophysical context. Geophysical Journal International, 235(1), 817–830. https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggad276
     [Google Scholar]
  22. McLachlan, P., Chambers, J., Uhlemann, S., Sorensen, J. & Binley, A. (2020) Electrical resistivity monitoring of river–groundwater interactions in a Chalk river and neighbouring riparian zone. Near Surface Geophysics, 18(4), 385–398. https://doi.org/10.1002/nsg.12114
     [Google Scholar]
  23. Munkholm, M.S. & Auken, E. (1996) Electromagnetic noise contamination on transient electromagnetic soundings in culturally disturbed environments. Journal of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics, 1(2), 119–127. https://doi.org/10.4133/jeeg1.2.119
     [Google Scholar]
  24. Møller, I., Balling, N. & Ditlefsen, C. (2020) Shallow subsurface thermal structure onshore Denmark: temperature, thermal conductivity and heat flow. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark, 67, 29–52. https://doi.org/10.37570/bgsd‐2019‐67‐03
     [Google Scholar]
  25. Nabighian, M.N. & Macnae, J.C. (1991) 6. Time domain electromagnetic prospecting methods. In: Electromagnetic methods in applied geophysics: volume 2, application, parts A and B. Houston: SEG Library, pp. 427–520. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.9781560802686.ch6
     [Google Scholar]
  26. Parizi, E., Mossa Hosseini, S., Ataie‐Ashtiani, B. & Simmons, C.T. (2019) Representative pumping wells network to estimate groundwater withdrawal from aquifers: lessons from a developing country, Iran. Journal of Hydrology, 578, 124090. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2019.124090
     [Google Scholar]
  27. Perrone, A., Lapenna, V. & Piscitelli, S. (2014) Electrical resistivity tomography technique for landslide investigation: a review. Earth‐Science Reviews, 135, 65–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2014.04.002
     [Google Scholar]
  28. Rasmussen, P., Sonnenborg, T.O., Goncear, G. & Hinsby, K. (2013) Assessing impacts of climate change, sea level rise, and drainage canals on saltwater intrusion to coastal aquifer. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 17(1), 421–443. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess‐17‐421‐2013.
     [Google Scholar]
  29. Slater, L. & Binley, A. (2021) Advancing hydrological process understanding from long‐term resistivity monitoring systems. WIREs Water, 8(3), e1513. https://doi.org/10.1002/wat2.1513
     [Google Scholar]
  30. Spies, B.R. & Frischknecht, F.C. (1991) 5. Electromagnetic sounding. In: Electromagnetic methods in applied geophysics: volume 2, application, parts A and B. Houston: SEG Library, pp. 285–425. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.9781560802686.ch5
     [Google Scholar]
  31. Tresoldi, G., Arosio, D., Hojat, A., Longoni, L., Papini, M. & Zanzi, L. (2019) Long‐term hydrogeophysical monitoring of the internal conditions of river levees. Engineering Geology, 259, 105139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2019.05.016
     [Google Scholar]
  32. Uhlemann, S.S., Sorensen, J.P.R., House, A.R., Wilkinson, P.B., Roberts, C., Gooddy, D.C. et al. (2016) Integrated time‐lapse geoelectrical imaging of wetland hydrological processes. Water Resources Research, 52(3), 1607–1625. https://doi.org/10.1002/2015WR017932
     [Google Scholar]
  33. Veness, W.A., Butler, A.P., Ochoa‐Tocachi, B.F., Moulds, S. & Buytaert, W. (2022) Localizing hydrological drought early warning using in situ groundwater sensors. Water Resources Research, 58(8), e2022WR032165. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022WR032165
     [Google Scholar]
  34. Xu, Z., Liao, X., Liu, L., Fu, N. & Fu, Z. (2023) Research on small‐loop transient electromagnetic method forward and nonlinear optimization inversion method. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 61, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2023.3237842
     [Google Scholar]
  35. Yogeshwar, P., Tezkan, B. & Haroon, A. (2013) Investigation of the Azraq sedimentary basin, Jordan using integrated geoelectrical and electromagnetic techniques. Near Surface Geophysics, 11(4), 381–390. https://doi.org/10.3997/1873‐0604.2013026
     [Google Scholar]
  36. Zamora‐Luria, J.C., McLachlan, P., Maurya, P.K., Liu, L., Grombacher, D. & Christiansen, A.V. (2023) A feasibility study on time‐lapse transient electromagnetics for monitoring groundwater dynamics. Geophysics, 88, E135–E146. https://doi.org/10.1190/geo2022‐0532.1
     [Google Scholar]
/content/journals/10.1002/nsg.12323
Loading
Long‐term monitoring of water table and saltwater intrusion dynamics through time‐lapse transient electromagnetic
Near Surface Geophysics 22, 636 (2024); https://doi.org/10.1002/nsg.12323
/content/journals/10.1002/nsg.12323
/content/journals/10.1002/nsg.12323
Loading

Data & Media loading...

  • Article Type: Research Article
Keyword(s): groundwater; hydrogeophysics; TEM

Most Cited This Month Most Cited RSS feed

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error