Laboratory study of the influence of changing the injection rate on P-wave velocities and water saturation in a Limestone

Sofia Lopes; Maxim Lebedev

doi:10.1071/ASEG2012ab083

ISSN: 2202-0586
E-ISSN:

oa Laboratory study of the influence of changing the injection rate on P-wave velocities and water saturation in a Limestone
Authors Sofia Lopes^a and Maxim Lebedev^b
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^a Curtin UniversityDepartment of Exploration Geophysics, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6151, [email protected] ^b Curtin UniversityDepartment of Exploration Geophysics, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6151, [email protected]
Publisher: Australian Society of Exploration Geophysicists
Source: ASEG Extended Abstracts, Volume 2012, Issue ASEG2012 - 22nd Geophysical Conference, Dec 2012, p. 1 - 4
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1071/ASEG2012ab083
- Published online: 01 Dec 2012

Abstract

Summary

Forced imbibition was performed in a Limestone Savonnieres by injecting water into a dry sample. The injection was monitored with X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) and active ultrasonic measurements so that the time-space distribution of the invading fluid could be simultaneously observed in CT images and quantified through measuring P-wave velocities and water saturation.

The CT scans allowed us to observe a water front advancing away from the area of injection and estimate saturation. Through the evolution of P-wave velocities, we observed a strong influence on the acoustic response with the presence of water and with the changing of injection rates. The approaching of the water front to the monitored position decreased P-wave velocities while the saturation increased continuously. The P-wave velocities decrease occurred for a short period of time and was followed by a sharp increase which happens when the fluid front crossed the monitored position. Decreasing injection rate decreased P-wave velocities and saturation. Increasing injection rate, increased P-wave velocities and saturation, sharply and for a short period of time followed by a slight decrease for P-wave velocities and a continuous increase.

Our experimental data confirms how sensitive acoustic waves are to the presence of water and that changing injection rates promote considerable fluid distribution that is drastically reflected in the acoustic velocities.

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2012-12-01

2026-01-19

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References

Akin, S., Schembre, J. M., Bhat, S. K., Kovscek, A. R., 2000, Spontaneous imbibition characteristics of diatomite, Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 25, 149-165.
Cadoret, T., Marion, D., Zinszner, B., 1995, Influence of frequency and fluid distribution on elastic wave velocities in partially saturated limestones, Journal of Geophysical Research, 100(B6), 9789-9803.
Craft, B. C., Hawkins, M., Terry, R. E., 1991. Applied Petroleum Reservoir Engineering, Second Edition, Prentice Hall, ISBN-10 0130398845, 464 pp.
Guéguen, Y., Palciauskas, V., 1994, Introduction to the Physics of Rocks, Princeton University Press, ISBN-10 0691034524, 392 pp.
Lebedev, M., Toms-Stewart, J., Clennell, B., Shulakova, V., Paterson, L., Müller, T., Gurevich, B., Wenzlau, F., 2009, Direct laboratory observation of patchy saturation and its effects on ultrasonic velocities, The Leading Edge, 28, 24-27.
Lopes, S., Lebedev, M., 2011, Laboratory study of the influence of changing the injection rate on the geometry of the fluid front and on P-wave ultrasonic velocity in a sandstone, accepted to Geophysical Prospecting.
Monsen, K., Johnstad, S. E., 2005, Improved understanding of velocity-saturation relationships using 4D computertomography acoustic measurements, Geophysical Prospecting 53, 173-181.
Müller, T. M., Gurevich, B., Lebedev, M., 2010, Seismic wave attenuation and dispersion due to wave-induced flow in porous rocks – A review, Geophysics, 75(5), A147-A164.
Toms-Stewart, J., Müller, T. M., Gurevich, B., Peterson, L., 2009, Statistical characterization of gas-patch distributions in partially saturated rocks, Geophysics 74-2, WA51.

/content/journals/10.1071/ASEG2012ab083

Article Type: Research Article

Keyword(s): Acoustic Monitoring; Imbibition; Limestone; Rock Physics; X-ray Computed Tomography

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Abstract

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