IODP Expedition 356: Drilling to reveal a 5 million year carbonate and subsidence history on the Northwest Shelf of Australia

Stephen J. Gallagher; Andrew Heap; Craig Fulthorpe; Neville Exon; Kara Bogus; Malcolm Wallace

doi:10.1071/ASEG2015ab250

24th International Geophysical Conference and Exhibition – Geophysics and Geology Together for Discovery

ISSN: 2202-0586
E-ISSN:

oa IODP Expedition 356: Drilling to reveal a 5 million year carbonate and subsidence history on the Northwest Shelf of Australia
Authors Stephen J. Gallagher^a, Andrew Heap^b, Craig Fulthorpe^c, Neville Exon^d, Kara Bogus^e and Malcolm Wallace^f
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^a University of MelbourneSchool of Earth Sciences, Victoria, 3010, [email protected] ^b Geoscience Australia, Canberra, ACT, 2609, [email protected] ^c Institute for Geophysics University of Texas, at Austin, TX, 78758-4445, USA, [email protected] ^d Australian National UniversitySchool of Earth Sciences, Canberra, ACT, 0200, [email protected] ^e International Ocean Discovery ProgramTexas A & M University, College Station, TX, 78845, USA, [email protected] ^f University of MelbourneSchool of Earth Sciences, Victoria, 3010, [email protected]
Publisher: Australian Society of Exploration Geophysicists
Source: ASEG Extended Abstracts, Volume 2015, Issue 24th International Geophysical Conference and Exhibition – Geophysics and Geology Together for Discovery, Dec 2015, p. 1 - 4
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1071/ASEG2015ab250
- Published online: 01 Dec 2015

Abstract

The late Cenozoic carbonates of the Northwest Shelf are important subsidence history archives that also cause significant sonic velocity problems affecting seismic imaging of underlying strata. Despite their substantial thickness and areal extent, these carbonates have been sampled only in engineering foundation boreholes and as cuttings and rare sidewall cores in petroleum wells. In August-September 2015 the International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) will drill a transect of shelf to shelf margin cores in this region. Six sites will be drilled over 10° latitude from the Perth Basin to the Bedout sub-basin by RV JOIDES Resolution with continuously cored penetrations of 300 m to 1.1 km. An array of shipboard and post-cruise biostratigraphic, sedimentological and geochemical analyses will be carried out on these cores to achieve three primary aims:

Provide empirical input into the spatiotemporal patterns of subsidence along Northwest Australia that can be used to place fundamental constraints on the interaction between Australian plate motion and mantle convection and to ground truth geodynamic models.
Determine the timing and variability of regional oceanographic features in order to understand the controls on Neogene carbonate stratigraphy and reef development.
Obtain a tropical to subtropical climate and ocean archive, directly comparable to deep-ocean oxygen isotope and ice-core archives, to chart the variability of the Australian monsoon and the onset of aridity in northwestern Australia.

Each site will be triple cored using a combination of Advanced Piston Coring (APC), Extended Core Barrel (XCB) and Rotary Core Barrel (RCB). An array of downhole measurements will be taken using three standard IODP tool string configurations: the triple combination (triple combo), Formation MicroScanner (FMS)-sonic, and Versatile Seismic Imager (VSI). These will be used to correlate the cores to regional multichannel seismic profiles in order to gain a better understanding of Northwest Shelf stratigraphy and neotectonics.

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References

Czarnota, K., Hoggard, M. J., White, N., and Winterbourne, J., (2013), Spatial and temporal patterns of Cenozoic dynamic topography around Australia, Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 14(3), 634-658, doi:10.1029/2012GC004392.
Gallagher, S. J., C. S. Fulthorpe, and K. A. Bogus (2014a), Reefs, Oceans, and Climate: a 5 million year history of the Indonesian Throughflow, Australian monsoon, and subsidence on the Northwest Shelf of Australia, International Ocean Discovery Program Scientific Prospectus, 356. doi.org/10.14379/iodp.sp.356.2014
Gallagher, S. J., M. W. Wallace, P. W. Hoiles, and J. M. Southwood (2014b), Seismic and stratigraphic evidence for reef expansion and onset of aridity on the Northwest Shelf of Australia during the Pleistocene, Marine & Petroleum Geology, 57, 470-481.
Gallagher, S. J., M. W. Wallace, C. L. Li, B. Kinna, J. T. Bye, K. Akimoto, and M. Torii (2009), Neogene history of the West Pacific Warm Pool, Kuroshio and Leeuwin currents, Paleoceanography, 24(PA1206).
McLaren, S. N., M. W. Wallace, S. J. Gallagher, B. E. Wagstaff, and A.-M. P. Tosolini (2014), The development of a climate - an arid continent with wet fringes, in Invasion Biology and Ecosystem Theory, edited by H. Prins and I. Gordon, pp. 256-280, Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge.
Rosleff-Soerensen, B., L. Reuning, S. Back, and P. Kukla (2012), Seismic geomorphology and growth architecture of a Miocene barrier reef, Browse Basin, NW-Australia, Marine and Petroleum Geology, 29, 233-254.
Wallace, M. W., E. Condilis, A. Powell, J. Redfearn, K. Auld, M. Wiltshire, G. R. Holdgate, and S. J. Gallagher (2003), Northwest Shelf-New ideas, new discoveries-Geological controls on sonic velocity in the Cenozoic carbonates of the Northern Carnarvon Basin, North West Shelf, Western Australia, APPEA Journal, 43(1), 385-400.
Wallace, M. W., G. R. Holdgate, J. Daniels, S. J. Gallagher, and A. Smith (2002), Sonic velocity, submarine canyons, and burial diagenesis in Oligocene-Holocene cool-water carbonates, Gippsland Basin southeast Australia, AAPG Bulletin, 86(9), 1593-1607.

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Article Type: Research Article

Keyword(s): carbonates; Northwest Shelf; reefs; scientific drilling; subsidence

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