1887
1st Australasian Exploration Geoscience Conference – Exploration Innovation Integration
  • ISSN: 2202-0586
  • E-ISSN:

Abstract

Rain has long been a problem for land seismic surveys. I measured the seismic signature of rainfall using both water dripped from height using a pipette, and natural rain in Winchester, England, over a three month period. My results showed that rain noise is concentrated at frequencies above 80 Hz with a detectable range of less than 1 m. Drops of water landing directly on a geophone result in events with amplitudes nearly 30 times larger than those landing next to the geophone. Items placed on the surface of the ground, such as cables, absorb the energy of the impact and reduce the level of the resulting seismic noise. Burying geophones results in attenuation of rain noise by between 7.7 and 8.6 dB/0.1 m. But, given the effort required to bury geophones, it is likely that data processing algorithms, or the placement of vibration absorbent matting, are likely to be the preferred strategies for dealing with noise.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/10.1071/ASEG2018abP068
2018-12-01
2026-01-18
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

References

  1. Barclay, D. R. and Buckingham, M. J. [2013] The depth-dependence of rain noise in the Philippine Sea. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 133(5), 2576-2585.
  2. Beard, K. V. [1976] Terminal velocity and shape of cloud and precipitation drops aloft. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 33, 851864.
  3. Brittan, J., Pidsley, L., Cavalin, D., Ryder, A. and Turner, G. [2008] Optimizing the removal of seismic interference noise. The Leading Edge 27(2), 166-175.
  4. Keiswetter, D. A. and Steeples, D. W. [1995] A field investigation of source parameters for the sledgehammer. Geophysics 60(4), 1051-1057.
  5. Laws, J. O. [1941] Measurements of the fall-velocity of water -drops and raindrops. Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union 22(3), 709-721.
  6. Laws, J. O. and Parsons, D. A. [1943] The relation of raindrop-size to intensity. Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union 24(2), 452-460.
  7. Lull, H. W. [1959] Soil Compaction on Forest and Range Lands. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forestry Service.
  8. Ma, B. B., Nystuen, J. A. and Lien, R.-C. [2005] Prediction of underwater sound levels from rain and wind. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 117(6), 3555-3565.
  9. Monk, D. [2008] Seismic sensor with rain noise shield. US (ed.). Normark, E. [Year] Wind and rain induced noise on reflection seismic data. Near Surface 2011 - 17th EAGE European Meeting of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics
  10. Nystuen, J. A., McGlothin, C. C. and Cook, M. S. [1993] The underwater sound generated by heavy rainfall. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 93(6), 3169-3177.
  11. Olhovich, V. A. [1964] The causes of noise in seismic reflection and refraction work. Geophysics 29(6), 1015-1030. Ransone, W. R. [1938] Seismic exploration in Eastern Venezuela. Geophysics 3(3), 219-224.
  12. Scrimger, J. A., Evans, D. J. and Yee, W. [1989] Underwater noise due to rain-Open ocean measurements. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 85(2), 726-731.
/content/journals/10.1071/ASEG2018abP068
Loading
  • Article Type: Research Article
Keyword(s): land seismic; noise; Rain
This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error