1887
Volume 37, Issue 1
  • ISSN: 0812-3985
  • E-ISSN: 1834-7533

Abstract

We measured the changes in P-wave velocity that occur when injecting CO in gaseous, liquid, and supercritical phases into water-saturated anisotropic sandstones. P-wave velocities were measured in two cylindrical samples of Tako Sandstone, drilled along directions normal and parallel to the bedding plane, using a piezo-electric transducer array system. The velocity changes caused by CO injection are typically -6% on average, with maximum values about -16% for the case of supercritical CO injection. P-wave velocity tomograms obtained by the differential arrival-time method clearly show that CO migration behaviour is more complex when CO flows normal to the bedding plane than when it flows parallel to bedding. We also found that the differences in P-wave velocity images were associated both with the CO phases and with heterogeneity of pore distribution in the rocks. Seismic images showed that the highest velocity reduction occurred for supercritical CO injection, compared with gaseous or liquid CO injection. This result may justify the use of the seismic method for CO monitoring in geological sequestration.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/10.1071/EG06010
2006-03-01
2026-01-13
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

References

  1. Arts, R., Eiken, O., Chadwick, A., Zweigel, P., van der Meer, L., and Zinszner, B., 2004, Monitoring of CO2 injected at Sleipner using time lapse seismic data: Energy, 29, 1383–1392.
  2. Benson, S.M., 2005, Overview of geological storage of CO2: in Thomas, D., and Benson, S.M. (eds), Carbon Dioxide Capture for Storage in Deep Geologic Formations, Volume 2, Elsevier Science, 665–672.
  3. Chadwick, R.A., Eiken, O., and Lindeberg, E., 2004, 4D geophysical monitoring of the CO2 plume at Sleipner, North Sea: Aspects of uncertainty: Proceedings of the 7th SEGJ International Symposium, Sendai, November, 24–26.
  4. Gassmann F., 1951, Über die Elastizität poröser Medien: Vierteljahrsschrift der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Zürich, 96, 1–23.
  5. Garcia, J., and Pruess, K., 2003, Flow instabilities during injection of CO2 into saline aquifers: Proceedings of TOUGH Symposium, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, May, 12–14.
  6. Harris, J.M., Nolen-Hoeksema, R.C., Van Schaack, M., Lazaratos, S.K., and Rector, J.W., 1995, High-resolution crosswell imaging of a west Texas carbonate reservoir: Part I - Project summary and interpretation: Geophysics, 60, 667–681.
  7. Hoversten, G.M., and Myer, L.R., 2000, Monitoring of CO2 sequestration using integrated geophysical and reservoir data: in Williams, D., Durie, B., McMullan, P., Paulson, C., and Smith, A. (eds), Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies (GHGT5), 305–310.
  8. Li, G., 2003, 4D seismic monitoring of CO2 flood in thin fractured carbonate reservoir: The Leading Edge, 22, 690–695.
  9. Mavko, G., and Mukerji, T., 1998, Bounds on low-frequency seismic velocities in partially saturated rocks: Geophysics, 63, 3, 918–924.
  10. Saito, H., Azuma, H., Nobuoka, D., Tanase, D. and Xue, Z., 2005, Time-lapse crosswell seismic tomography monitoring of CO2 at an onshore aquifer, Nagaoka, Japan: Exploration Geoophysics, 37, (this issue).
  11. Van der Meer, L., 1992, Investigations regarding the storage of carbon dioxide in aquifers in the Netherlands: Energy Conversion and Management, 33, 611–618.
  12. Wang, Z., and Nur, A., 1989, Effects of CO2 flooding on wave velocities in rocks with hydrocarbons: Society of Peteroleum Engineers, Reservoir Engineering, 3, 429–439.
  13. Wang, Z., Cates, M., and Langan, R., 1998, Seismic monitoring of a CO2 flooding in a carbonate reservoir: A rock physics study: Geophysics, 63, 1604–1617.
  14. Xue, Z., Ohsumi, T., 2004a, Seismic wave monitoring of CO2 migration in watersaturated porous sandstone: Butsuri-Tansa, 57, 25–32.
  15. Xue, Z., Ohsumi, T., 2004b, Laboratory measurements on gas permeability and P-wave velocity in two porous sandstones during CO2 flooding: Journal of the Mining and Materials Processing Institute of Japan. 120, 91–98.
  16. Xue, Z., Ohsumi, T., 2005, Experimental studies on seismic monitoring of CO2 in geological sequestration: Journal of the Japanese Association of Groundwater Hydrology, 47, 29–44.
  17. Xue, Z., Tanase, D., and Watanabe, J., 2005, Estimation of CO2 saturation from time-lapse well logging in an onshore aquifer, Nagaoka, Japan: Exploration Geoophysics, 37, (this issue).
/content/journals/10.1071/EG06010
Loading

Most Cited This Month Most Cited RSS feed

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error