1887
Volume 48, Issue 1
  • ISSN: 0812-3985
  • E-ISSN: 1834-7533

Abstract

[

Seismic diffractions play a vital role in identifying discontinuous geological structures, such as tiny faults and cavities which are important because of their close relationship with the reservoir properties of oil and gas. In this paper, we focus on an extraction method for separation of seismic diffractions. The energy of reflection is usually much stronger than that of the diffraction, thus, removing reflection becomes a key problem for diffraction applications. In order to extract seismic diffractions accurately and stably, we propose an optimised regularisation method based on the local plane-wave equation. By considering two constraints arising from the Sobolev penalty function and the difference operator, we build a stable minimisation model for determining seismic slopes. In computation, an iterative method based on projection onto a convex set for solving the nonlinear minimisation is developed, which can provide fast and accurate solutions. Subtracting the predicted reflections from the seismic image, we can extract the seismic diffractions. Numerical experiments illustrate the effectiveness of the diffraction extraction method in separating tiny faults, scatterers and cavities. Finally, a carbonate reservoir field example is provided to demonstrate the high-resolution capability of the method in revealing small-scale discontinuous geological features.

,

By considering two constraints from the Sobolev penalty function and the difference operator, we have developed an optimised regularisation model for extracting seismic diffractions. An efficient iterative method based on projection onto a convex set has been developed to solve the minimisation problem. The proposed method has high-resolution capability for detecting small-scale discontinuities.

]
ASEG
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/10.1071/EG15006
2017-03-01
2026-01-18

  • From This Site

    /content/journals/10.1071/EG15006
    dcterms_title,dcterms_subject,pub_keyword
    -contentType:Journal -contentType:Contributor -contentType:Concept -contentType:Institution
    10
    5
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

References

  1. Asgedom, E. G. , Gelius, L. J., Austeng, A., and Tygel, M. 2011, A new approach to post-stack diffraction separation: 81st Annual International Meeting, SEG, Expanded Abstracts, 3861–3865.
  2. Bansal R. Imhof M. G. 2005 Diffraction enhancement in prestack seismic data: Geophysics 70 V73 V79 10.1190/1.1926577
    https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1926577 [Google Scholar]
  3. Berkovitch A. Belfer L. Hassin Y. Landa E. 2009 Diffraction imaging by multifocusing: Geophysics 74 WCA75 WCA81 10.1190/1.3198210
    https://doi.org/10.1190/1.3198210 [Google Scholar]
  4. Claerbout, J. F., 1992, Earth soundings analysis: processing versus inversion: Blackwell Scientific Publications.
  5. Dell S. Gajewski D. 2011 Common-reflection-surface-based workflow for diffraction imaging: Geophysics 76 S187 S195 10.1190/geo2010‑0229.1
    https://doi.org/10.1190/geo2010-0229.1 [Google Scholar]
  6. Fomel S. 2002 Application of plane-wave destruction filters: Geophysics 67 1946 1960 10.1190/1.1527095
    https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1527095 [Google Scholar]
  7. Fomel S. Landa E. Taner M. T. 2007 Poststack velocity analysis by separation and imaging of seismic diffractions: Geophysics 72 U89 U94 10.1190/1.2781533
    https://doi.org/10.1190/1.2781533 [Google Scholar]
  8. Gelius L. J. Tygel M. Takahata A. K. Asgedom E. G. Serrano D. R. 2013 High-resolution imaging of diffractions – a window-steered MUSIC approach: Geophysics 78 S255 S264 10.1190/geo2013‑0047.1
    https://doi.org/10.1190/geo2013-0047.1 [Google Scholar]
  9. Hagedoorn J. G. 1954 A process of seismic reflection interpretation: Geophysical Prospecting 2 85 127 10.1111/j.1365‑2478.1954.tb01281.x
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2478.1954.tb01281.x [Google Scholar]
  10. Kanasewich E. Phadke S. M. 1988 Imaging discontinuities on seismic sections: Geophysics 53 334 345 10.1190/1.1442467
    https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1442467 [Google Scholar]
  11. Khaidukov V. Landa E. Moser T. J. 2004 Diffraction imaging by focusing-defocusing: an outlook on seismic superresolution: Geophysics 69 1478 1490 10.1190/1.1836821
    https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1836821 [Google Scholar]
  12. Kozlov, E., Barasky, N., Korolev, E., Antonenko, A., and Koshchuk, E., 2004, Imaging scattering objects masked by specular reflections: 74th Annual International Meeting, SEG, Expanded Abstracts, 1131–1135.
  13. Krey T. 1952 The significance of diffraction in the investigation of faults: Geophysics 17 843 858 10.1190/1.1437815
    https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1437815 [Google Scholar]
  14. Kunz B. F. J. 1960 Diffraction problems in fault interpretation: Geophysical Prospecting 8 381 388 10.1111/j.1365‑2478.1960.tb01722.x
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2478.1960.tb01722.x [Google Scholar]
  15. Landa E. Shtivelman V. Gelchinsky B. 1987 A method for detection of diffracted waves on common-offset sections: Geophysical Prospecting 35 359 373 10.1111/j.1365‑2478.1987.tb00823.x
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2478.1987.tb00823.x [Google Scholar]
  16. Moser T. J. Howard C. B. 2008 Diffraction imaging in depth: Geophysical Prospecting 56 627 641 10.1111/j.1365‑2478.2007.00718.x
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2478.2007.00718.x [Google Scholar]
  17. Phadke S. Kanasewich E. R. 1990 The resolution possible in image with diffracted seismic waves: Geophysical Prospecting 38 913 931 10.1111/j.1365‑2478.1990.tb01882.x
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2478.1990.tb01882.x [Google Scholar]
  18. Taner, M. T., Fomel, S., and Landa, E., 2006, Separation and imaging of seismic diffractions using plane-wave decomposition: 76th Annual International Meeting, SEG, Expanded Abstracts, 2401–2405.
  19. Wang, Y. F., 2007, Computational methods for inverse problems and their applications: Higher Education Press (Beijing).
  20. Wang Y. F. Yang C. C. Li X. W. 2008 Regularizing kernel-based BRDF model inversion method for ill-posed land surface parameter retrieval using smoothness constraint: Journal of Geophysical Research 113 D13101 10.1029/2007JD009324
    https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JD009324 [Google Scholar]
  21. Yuan, Y., 2008, Nonlinear optimization methods: Science Press (Beijing).
  22. Zhang, R. F., 2004, Fresnel aperture and diffraction prestack depth migration: CDSST Annual Report, 1–11.
/content/journals/10.1071/EG15006
Loading
A seismic diffraction extraction method for the study of discontinuous geologies using a regularisation algorithm
Exploration Geophysics 48, 49 (2017); https://doi.org/10.1071/EG15006
/content/journals/10.1071/EG15006
/content/journals/10.1071/EG15006
Loading

Data & Media loading...

  • Article Type: Research Article
Keyword(s): diffraction extraction, local slope estimation, plane-wave equation, regularisation method.

Most Cited This Month Most Cited RSS feed

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error