1887
Volume 50, Issue 6
  • ISSN: 0812-3985
  • E-ISSN: 1834-7533

Abstract

Rock physics models are widely used for reservoir characterisation in seismic studies. By improving the models, especially for reservoir rocks, more realistic characterisations can be achieved. To calibrate such models the elastic properties of reservoir porous rocks have been measured by ultrasonic techniques for many years. In conventional ultrasonic methods the local strain inside the wave is much higher than that in field experiments. Up until now, it has not been clear how the velocity of the ultrasonic wave depends on the strain, however this knowledge is important for interpretation of the results of the experiments. This work is an extension of our previous study on the effect of the strain amplitude on wave velocity. This paper focuses on S-wave velocity and its dependency on strain-amplitude effect for porous media (Bentheimer sandstone) and reference media (aluminium). In this study we: (1) directly measured the particle displacement in the ultrasonic wave using a Laser Doppler Interferometry (LDI) and (2) measured the changes in P and S-waves velocities by variations of increasing amplitudes applied to a source transducer from 43 to 400 volts. We measured the velocity using a conventional ultrasonic method and linked the changes of velocity to the measured local strain in the wave which we measured by LDI. The study indicated that for the unconfined Bentheimer sandstone, increasing the local strain produced by an ultrasonic wave from (3.6) 10−7 to (5.7) 10−6 resulted in the S-wave velocity decreasing by 4.75%. Using the LDI technique we also investigated the strains at different points on the surface produced by an S-wave transducer.

© 2019 Australian Society of Exploration Geophysics
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/10.1080/08123985.2019.1667228
2019-11-02
2026-01-24

  • From This Site

    /content/journals/10.1080/08123985.2019.1667228
    dcterms_title,dcterms_subject,pub_keyword
    -contentType:Journal -contentType:Contributor -contentType:Concept -contentType:Institution
    10
    5
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

References

  1. Abeele, K.E.-A.V.D., P.A. Johnson, R.A. Guyer, and K.R. McCall 1997 On the quasi-analytic treatment of hysteretic nonlinear response in elastic wave propagation. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America101: 1885–98. doi: 10.1121/1.418198.
     https://doi.org/10.1121/1.418198 [Google Scholar]
  2. Ba, J., L. Zhang, D. Wang, Z.Y. Yuan, W. Cheng, R.P. Ma, and C.F. Wu 2018 Experimental analysis on P-wave attenuation in carbonate rocks and reservoir identification. Journal of Seismic Exploration27: 371–402.
     [Google Scholar]
  3. Bayon, A., P.N.J. Rasolofosaon 1996 Three-component recording of ultrasonic transient vibration by optical heterodyne interferometry. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America99: 954–61. doi: 10.1121/1.414623.
     https://doi.org/10.1121/1.414623 [Google Scholar]
  4. Cook, N.G.W., and K. Hodgson 1965 Some detailed stress-strain curves for rock. Journal of Geophysical Research70: 2883–8. doi: 10.1029/JZ070i012p02883.
     https://doi.org/10.1029/JZ070i012p02883 [Google Scholar]
  5. Dainty, J.C. 1975 Laser speckle and related phenomena, Vol. 9, Topics in Applied Physics. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg. doi: 10.1007/BFb0111434.
     https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0111434
  6. Ennos, A.E. 1978 IV speckle interferometry. Progress in Optics16: 233–88. Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/S0079‑6638(08)70073‑8.
     https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-6638(08)70073-8 [Google Scholar]
  7. Fukushima, Y., O. Nishizawa, H. Sato, and M. Ohtake 2003 Laboratory study on scattering characteristics of shear waves in rock samples. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America93: 253–63. doi: 10.1785/0120020074
     https://doi.org/10.1785/0120020074 [Google Scholar]
  8. Jacouot, P., and J.-M. Fournier 2000 Interferometry in speckl light - theory and applications. New York: Springer.
  9. Johnson, P.A., B. Zinszner, and P.N.J. Rasolofosoan 1996 Resonance and elastic nonlinear phenomena in rock. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth101: 11553–64. doi: 10.1029/96JB00647
     https://doi.org/10.1029/96JB00647 [Google Scholar]
  10. Johnston, D.H., and M.N. Toksov 1980 Thermal cracking and amplitude dependent attenuation. Journal of Geophysical Research85: 937–42. doi: 10.1029/JB085iB02p00937.
     https://doi.org/10.1029/JB085iB02p00937 [Google Scholar]
  11. Lebedev, M., A. Bóna, R. Pevzner, and B. Gurevich 2011 Elastic anisotropy estimation from laboratory measurements of velocity and polarization of quasi-P-waves using laser interferometry. Geophysics76: WA83–WA89. doi: 10.1190/1.3569110.
     https://doi.org/10.1190/1.3569110 [Google Scholar]
  12. Martin, R.J., and R.W. Haupt 1994 Static and dynamic elastic moduli in granite: the effect of strain amplitude, in Rock mechanics: models and measurements challenges from industry. In Rock Mech. Nelson Laubach, 473–80.
     [Google Scholar]
  13. Mashinskii, E.I. 1999 Amplitude-dependent attenuation of acoustic signals in rocks. RAN. Ser. Fiz. Zemli11: 63–7.
     [Google Scholar]
  14. Mashinskii, E.I. 2001 Nonlinearity of a quasi-static stress-strain relation: the dependence on the level of mechanical energy. Geofizika2: 37–41.
     [Google Scholar]
  15. Mashinskii, E.I. 2004 Variants of the strain-amplitude dependence of elastic wave velocities in rocks under pressure. Journal of Geophysics and Engineering1: 295–306. doi: 10.1088/1742‑2132/1/4/008.
     https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-2132/1/4/008 [Google Scholar]
  16. Mashinskii, E.I. 2008 Amplitude-frequency dependencies of wave attenuation in single-crystal quartz: experimental study. Journal of Geophysical Research113: 1–11. doi: 10.1029/2008JB005719.
     https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JB005719 [Google Scholar]
  17. Mashinsky, E.I. 1994 Quasi-micro-plasticity processes and nonlinear seismicity. Izvestiya Physics of the Solid Earth30: 97–102.
     [Google Scholar]
  18. Mashinsky, E.I. 2003 Differences between static and dynamic elastic moduli of rocks: physical causes. Russian Geology and Geophysics44: 953–9.
     [Google Scholar]
  19. Mavko, G.M. 1979 Frictional attenuation: an inherent amplitude dependence. Journal of Geophysical Research84: 4769–75. doi: 10.1029/JB084iB09p04769.
     https://doi.org/10.1029/JB084iB09p04769 [Google Scholar]
  20. Mavko, G., T. Mukerji, and J. Dvorkin 2009 The rock physics handbook. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi: 10.1017/CBO9780511626753.
     https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511626753
  21. McCall, K.R., and R.A. Guyer 1994 Equation of state and wave propagation in hysteretic nonlinear elastic materials. Geophysical Research Letters12: 23,887–23,897. doi: 10.1029/94JB01941
     https://doi.org/10.1029/94JB01941 [Google Scholar]
  22. Monchalin, J.P. 1986 Optical detection of ultrasound. IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control33: 485–99. doi: 10.1109/T‑UFFC.1986.26860.
     https://doi.org/10.1109/T-UFFC.1986.26860 [Google Scholar]
  23. Monchalin, J.P., J.D. Aussel, R. Héon, C.K. Jen, A. Boudreault, and R. Bernier 1989 Measurement of in-plane and out-of-plane ultrasonic displacements by optical heterodyne interferometry. Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation8: 121–33. doi: 10.1007/BF00565636.
     https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00565636 [Google Scholar]
  24. Nishizawa, O., T. Satoh, X. Lei, and Y. Kuwahara 1997 Laboratory studies of seismic wave propagation in inhomogeneous media using a laser Doppler vibrometer. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America87: 809–23. http://www.bssaonline.org/content/87/4/809.short.
     [Google Scholar]
  25. Nourifard, N., and M. Lebedev 2018 Research note: the effect of strain amplitude produced by ultrasonic waves on its velocity. Geophysical Prospecting67: 715–22. doi: 10.1111/1365‑2478.12674.
     https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2478.12674 [Google Scholar]
  26. Pouet, B., and P.N.J. Rasolofosaon 1990 Seismic physical modeling using laser ultrasonics. In 60th Ann. Internat. Mtg, 841–4. doi: 10.1190/1.1890357.
     https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1890357
  27. Scruby, C.B., and L.E. Drain 1990 Laser ultrasonics: techniques and applications. New York: Taylor and Francis Group. https://www.crcpress.com/Laser-Ultrasonics-Techniques-and-Applications/Scruby-Drain/p/book/9780750300506.
  28. Stewart, R.S., M.N. Toksoz, and A. Timur 1983 Strain dependent attenuation: observations and a proposed mechanism. Journal of Geophysical Research88: 546–54. doi: 10.1029/JB088iB01p00546.
     https://doi.org/10.1029/JB088iB01p00546 [Google Scholar]
  29. Ten Cate, J.A., and T.J. Shankland 1996 Slow dynamics in the nonlinear elastic response of Berea sandstone. Geophysical Research Letters23: 3019–22. doi: 10.1029/96GL02884.
     https://doi.org/10.1029/96GL02884 [Google Scholar]
  30. Tutuncu, Azra N., A.L. Podio, A.R. Gregory, M.M. Sharma 1998 Nonlinear viscoelastic behaviour of sedimentary rocks. Part II: hysteresis effect and influence of type of fluid on elastic moduli Geophysics. Geophysics 63.
  31. Winkler, K., and A. Nur 1979 Pore fluids and seismic attenuation in rocks. Geophysical Research Letters6: 1–4. doi: 10.1029/GL006i001p00001.
     https://doi.org/10.1029/GL006i001p00001 [Google Scholar]
  32. Winkler, K.W., and A. Nur 1982 Seismic attenuation: effects of pore fluids and frictional sliding. Geophysics47: 1–15. http://link.aip.org/link/?GPY/47/1/1. doi: 10.1190/1.1441276
     https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1441276 [Google Scholar]
  33. Zinszner, B., P.A. Johnson, and P.N.J. Rasolofosaon 1997 Influence of change in physical state on elastic nonlinear response in rock: significance of effective pressure and water saturation. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth102: 8105–20. doi: 10.1029/96JB03225
     https://doi.org/10.1029/96JB03225 [Google Scholar]
/content/journals/10.1080/08123985.2019.1667228
Loading
The effect of wave amplitude on S-wave velocity in porous media: an experimental study by Laser Doppler Interferometry
Exploration Geophysics 50, 683 (2019); https://doi.org/10.1080/08123985.2019.1667228
/content/journals/10.1080/08123985.2019.1667228
/content/journals/10.1080/08123985.2019.1667228
Loading

Data & Media loading...

  • Article Type: Research Article
Keyword(s): Acoustic; amplitude; displacement

Most Cited This Month Most Cited RSS feed

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error