1887
Volume 52, Issue 1
  • ISSN: 0812-3985
  • E-ISSN: 1834-7533

Abstract

Chirp sub-bottom profilers (SBP) provide centi-to-decimetre resolution, seismic data with applications for various geophysical and geological purposes. To verify the field application of imaging of a buried target with a cost-effective and easy-to-apply pseudo-3D Chirp SBP survey, we explored the buried site of an ancient wooden shipwreck off the west coast of Korea before underwater excavations. The survey was conducted using a commercial 2D Chirp SBP system with a newly devised recording system that preserved the true polarity of the chirp signal. To produce high-resolution 3D Chirp SBP data from 2D Chirp SBP datasets recorded by the novel system, an optimal data processing sequence, consisting of a first phase of 2D data processing and a second phase of 3D data processing was designed. The first, 2D phase, included the estimation of a source sweep signature, cross-correlation, and deconvolution using an inverse filter. The resulting resolution of the 2D Chirp SBP data was better than that of the enveloped data provided by the commercial acquisition system. The second phase of 3D data processing included gathering 3D datasets, redistributing of ping positions, and static correction. To improve the consistency of the seismic events and reduce the repetitive corrections (swell, tidal, tie, and residual corrections), a static correction was based on multi-beam echo sounder data. The amplitude variation near the shipwreck was clearly apparent in the time slice from the final pseudo-3D Chirp SBP dataset with a bin size of 2.0 m (crossline) × 0.6 m (inline). Through 3D rendering, the buried ancient shipwreck with dimensions of 5 m (width) × 12 m (length) × 2 m (depth) was imaged successfully.

© 2020 Australian Society of Exploration Geophysicists
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/10.1080/08123985.2020.1776104
2021-01-02
2026-01-21

  • From This Site

    /content/journals/10.1080/08123985.2020.1776104
    dcterms_title,dcterms_subject,pub_keyword
    -contentType:Journal -contentType:Contributor -contentType:Concept -contentType:Institution
    10
    5
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

References

  1. Bull, J.M., R.Quinn, and J.K.Dix. 1998. Reflection coefficient calculation from marine high resolution seismic reflection (Chirp) data and application to an archaeological case study. Marine Geophysical Researches20: 1–11. doi: 10.1023/A:1004373106696
     https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1004373106696 [Google Scholar]
  2. Bull, J.M., M.Gutowski, J.K.Dix, T.J.Henstock, P.Hogarth, T.G.Leighton, and P.R.White. 2005. Design of a 3D Chirp sub-bottom imaging system. Marine Geophysical Researches26: 157–169. doi: 10.1007/s11001‑005‑3715‑8
     https://doi.org/10.1007/s11001-005-3715-8 [Google Scholar]
  3. Chun, J.-H., B.-J.Ryu, C.S.Lee, Y.-J.Kim, J.-Y.Choi, N.-K.Kang, J.-J.Bahk, J.H.Kim, K.J.Kim, and D.-G.Yoo. 2012. Factors determining the spatial distribution of gas-charged sediments in the continental shelf off southeastern Korea. Marine Geology332: 27–39. doi: 10.1016/j.margeo.2012.06.004
     https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2012.06.004 [Google Scholar]
  4. Gutowski, M., J.Bull, T.Henstock, J.Dix, P.Hogarth, T.Leighton, and P.White. 2002. Chirp sub-bottom profiler source signature design and field testing. Marine Geophysical Researches23: 481–492. doi: 10.1023/B:MARI.0000018247.57117.0e
     https://doi.org/10.1023/B:MARI.0000018247.57117.0e [Google Scholar]
  5. Gutowski, M., J.Bull, J.K.Dix, T.J.Henstock, P.Hogarth, T.Hiller, T.G.Leighton, and P.R.White. 2008. Three-dimensional high-resolution acoustic imaging of the sub-seabed. Applied Acoustics69: 412–421. doi: 10.1016/j.apacoust.2006.08.013
     https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apacoust.2006.08.013 [Google Scholar]
  6. Henkart, P.2006. Chirp sub-bottom profiler processing – a review. Sea Technology47: 35–38.
     [Google Scholar]
  7. Kim, W., J.Shin, H.Kim, B.-Y.Yi, C.Park, C.Kim, G.Seo, et al.2018. Imaging the completely buried anomaly using a small-ship three dimensional seismic survey system. Journal of Coastal Research85: 1196–1200. doi: 10.2112/SI85‑240.1
     https://doi.org/10.2112/SI85-240.1 [Google Scholar]
  8. Kim, Y.-J., N.-H.Koo, S.Cheong, J.-K.Kim, J.-H.Chun, S.-R.Shin, M.Riedel, and H.-Y.Lee. 2016a. A case study on pseudo 3-D Chirp sub-bottom profiler (SBP) survey for the detection of a fault trace in shallow sedimentary layers at gas hydrate site in the Ulleung Basin. East Sea: Journal of Applied Geophysics133: 98–115.
     [Google Scholar]
  9. Kim, Y.J., N.H.Koo, S.Cheong, J.K.Kim, S.M.Kim, K.S.Seo, K.D.Hwang, C.S.Kim, H.Y.Lee, and W.Kim. 2016b. A case study of pseudo 3D Chirp sub-bottom profiler survey at ancient wooden shipwreck site in Korea. Expanded Abstract. Near surface Geoscience Conference & Exhibition, Barcelona, Mo ASM P19.
  10. Kim, Y.-J., N.-H.Koo, M.Riedel, H.Namgoong, J.-M.Lee, S.Cheong, Y.Joo, D.-G.Yoo, J.-H.Chun, and H.-Y.Lee. 2017. A case study on swell correction of Chirp sub-bottom profiler (SBP) data using multi-beam echo sounder (MBES) data. Journal of Applied Geophysics145: 100–110. doi: 10.1016/j.jappgeo.2017.08.001
     https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jappgeo.2017.08.001 [Google Scholar]
  11. LeBlanc, L.R., L.Mayer, M.Rufino, S.G.Schock, and J.King. 1992. Marine sediment classification using the chirp sonar. The Journal of the Acoustic Society of America91: 107–115. doi: 10.1121/1.402758
     https://doi.org/10.1121/1.402758 [Google Scholar]
  12. Lee, G.-S., D.-C.Kim, D.-G.Yoo, and H.-I.Yi. 2014. Stratigraphy of late Quaternary deposits using high resolution seismic profile in the southeastern Yellow Sea. Quaternary International344: 109–124. doi: 10.1016/j.quaint.2014.07.023
     https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2014.07.023 [Google Scholar]
  13. Müller, C., S.Woelz, Y.Ersoy, J.Boyce, T.Jokisch, G.Wendt, and W.Rabbel. 2009. Ultra-high-resolution marine 2D-3D seismic investigation of the Liman Tepe / Karantina Island archaeological site (Urla / Turkey). Journal of Applied Geophysics68: 124–134. doi: 10.1016/j.jappgeo.2008.10.015
     https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jappgeo.2008.10.015 [Google Scholar]
  14. Mueller, C., S.Woelz, and S.Kalmring. 2013. High-resolution 3D marine seismic investigation of Hedeby Harbour, Germany. The International Journal of Nautical Archaeology42: 326–336. doi: 10.1111/1095‑9270.12011
     https://doi.org/10.1111/1095-9270.12011 [Google Scholar]
  15. NRIMCH (National Research Institute of Maritime Cultural Heritage of Korea). 2010. “Taean Mado Shipwreck No. 1 underwater excavation.” Report of National Research Institute of Maritime Cultural Heritage of Korea, Daejeon, 655 pp. (in Korean).
  16. NRIMCH (National Research Institute of Maritime Cultural Heritage of Korea). 2011. “Survey report on the waters of Mado.” Report of National Research Institute of Maritime Cultural Heritage of Korea, Daejeon, 245 pp. (in Korean).
  17. NRIMCH (National Research Institute of Maritime Cultural Heritage of Korea). 2016. “Taean Mado Shipwreck No. 4 underwater excavation.” Report of National Research Institute of Maritime Cultural Heritage of Korea, Daejeon, 437 pp. (in Korean).
  18. NRIMCH (National Research Institute of Maritime Cultural Heritage of Korea). 2017. “Waters off the Taean-Mado underwater excavation.” Report of National Research Institute of Maritime Cultural Heritage of Korea, Daejeon, 226 pp. (in Korean).
  19. Park, S.C., Y.S.Kim, and S.K.Hong. 1991. Shallow seismic stratigraphy and distribution pattern of late quaternary sediments in a macrotidal bay: Gunhung Bay, west coast of Korea. Marine Geology98: 135–144. doi: 10.1016/0025‑3227(91)90041‑2
     https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-3227(91)90041-2 [Google Scholar]
  20. Park, S.C., B.H.Lee, H.S.Han, D.G.Yoo, and C.W.Lee. 2006. Late quaternary stratigraphy and development of tidal sand ridges in the eastern Yellow Sea. Journal of Sedimentary Research76: 1093–1105. doi: 10.2110/jsr.2006.092
     https://doi.org/10.2110/jsr.2006.092 [Google Scholar]
  21. Pirrotta, C., M.S.Barbano, D.Pantosti, and P.M.Martini. 2013. Evidence of active tectonics in the Augusta Basin (eastern Sicily, Italy) by Chirp sub-bottom sonar investigation. Annals of Geophysics56: 1–18.
     [Google Scholar]
  22. Plets, R.M.K., J.K.Dix, J.R.Adams, A.I.Best, and D.A.Mindell. 2005. High resolution acoustic imagery from a shallow archaeological site: the Grace Dieu a case study. Expanded Abstract. Underwater acoustic Measurements: Technologies & Results, Crete,777–782.
  23. Plets, R.M.K., J.K.Dix, J.R.Adams, and A.I.Best. 2008. 3D reconstruction of a shallow archaeological site from high-resolution acoustic imagery: the Grace Dieu. Applied Acoustics69: 399–411. doi: 10.1016/j.apacoust.2007.04.004
     https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apacoust.2007.04.004 [Google Scholar]
  24. Plets, R.M.K., J.K.Dix, J.R.Adams, J.M.Bull, T.J.Henstock, M.Gutowski, and A.I.Best. 2009. The use of a high-resolution 3D Chirp sub-bottom profiler for the reconstruction of the shallow water archaeological site of the Grace Dieu (1439), River Hamble, UK. Journal of Archaeological Science36: 408–418. doi: 10.1016/j.jas.2008.09.026
     https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2008.09.026 [Google Scholar]
  25. Quinn, R., J.M.Bull, and J.K.Dix. 1997a. Buried scour marks as indicators of palaeo-current direction at the Mary Rose wreck site. Marine Geology140: 405–413. doi: 10.1016/S0025‑3227(97)00036‑4
     https://doi.org/10.1016/S0025-3227(97)00036-4 [Google Scholar]
  26. Quinn, R., J.M.Bull, and J.K.Dix. 1997b. Imaging wooden artefacts using Chirp sources. Archaeological Prospection4: 25–35. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1099‑0763(199703)4:1<25::AID‑ARP66>3.0.CO;2‑U
     https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-0763(199703)4:1<25::AID-ARP66>3.0.CO;2-U [Google Scholar]
  27. Quinn, R., J.M.Bull, and J.K.Dix. 1997c. The Mary Rose site – geophysical evidence for palaeo-scour marks. The International Journal of Nautical Archaeology26: 3–16.
     [Google Scholar]
  28. Quinn, R., J.M.Bull, and J.K.Dix. 1998. Optimal processing of marine high-resolution seismic reflection (Chirp) data. Marine Geophysical Researches20: 13–20. doi: 10.1023/A:1004349805280
     https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1004349805280 [Google Scholar]
  29. Schock, S.G., L.R.LeBlanc, and L.A.Mayer. 1989. Chirp subbottom profiler for quantitative sediment analysis. Geophysics54: 445–450. doi: 10.1190/1.1442670
     https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1442670 [Google Scholar]
  30. Vardy, M.E., J.K.Dix, T.J.Henstock, J.M.Bull, and M.Gutowski. 2008. Decimeter-resolution 3D seismic volume in shallow water: a case study in small-object detection. Geophysics73: B33–B40. doi: 10.1190/1.2829389
     https://doi.org/10.1190/1.2829389 [Google Scholar]
  31. Yilmaz, O.2001. Seismic data analysis: processing, inversion, and interpretation of seismic data. Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, pp. 2065.
/content/journals/10.1080/08123985.2020.1776104
Loading
Application of pseudo-3D Chirp sub-bottom profiler survey: a case study of ancient wooden shipwreck site, west coast of Korea
Exploration Geophysics 52, 109 (2021); https://doi.org/10.1080/08123985.2020.1776104
/content/journals/10.1080/08123985.2020.1776104
/content/journals/10.1080/08123985.2020.1776104
Loading

Data & Media loading...

  • Article Type: Research Article
Keyword(s): Chirp sub-bottom profiler; multi-beam echo sounder; pseudo-3D; shipwreck; static correction

Most Cited This Month Most Cited RSS feed

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error