1887
Volume 53, Issue 2
  • ISSN: 0812-3985
  • E-ISSN: 1834-7533

Abstract

The reverse time migration (RTM) aims to image subsurface reflectors by incorporating with the two-way wave equation. RTM has advantages that it does not have dip limitations and can generate subsurface images clearly even in the case of complex geological structures in the near surface. We have proposed a reproduction wavefield reverse time migration (RWRTM) algorithm implemented with backward reproduced wavefield instead of the back-propagation of the observed data. Reproduced wavefield can be achieved by using the same modelling algorithm used in the source propagation. In general acquisition systems, e.g. streamer in marine or surface geophone in land, conventional RTM back-propagates data acquired on the top grid points in the numerical domain while RWRTM back-propagates reproduced data located on all grid points in the numerical domain, which lead to the generation of migration images with less migration noises and well-balanced migrated events. To validate RWRTM, numerical tests are conducted. For our examples, RWRTM images have better resolution, improved continuity of structure, reduced migration noises, and balanced amplitude compared to the conventional RTM.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/10.1080/08123985.2021.1903810
2022-03-04
2026-01-12
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

References

  1. Baysal, E., D.D.Kosloff, and J.W.C.Sherwood. 1983. Reverse time migration. Geophysics48, no. 11: 1514–24.
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Biondi, B., and G.Shan. 2002. Prestack imaging of overturned reflections by reverse time migration. 72nd Ann. Internat. Mtg, Soc. of Expl. Geophys.: 1284–7.
  3. Chang, W.F., and G.A.McMechan. 1987. Elastic reverse-time migration. Geophysics52, no. 10: 1365–75.
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Chen, K., and M.D.Sacchi. 2017. Elastic least-squares reverse time migration via linearized elastic full waveform inversion with pseudo-Hessian preconditioning. Geophysics82, no. 5: S341–58.
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Dai, W., P.Fowler, and G.T.Schuster. 2012. Multi-source least-squares reverse time migration. Geophysical Prospecting60, no. 4: 681–95.
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Dai, W., and G.T.Schuster. 2013. Plane-wave least-squares reverse-time migration. Geophysics78, no. 4: S165–77.
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Dai, W., Y.Huang, and G.T.Schuster. 2013. Least-squares reverse time migration of marine data with frequency-selection encoding. Geophysics78, no. 4: S233–42.
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Fei, T.W., Y.Luo, J.Yang, H.Liu, and F.Qin. 2015. Removing false images in reverse time migration: The concept of de-primary. Geophysics80, no. 6: S237–44.
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Feng, Z., and G.T.Schuster. 2017. Elastic least-squares reverse time migration. Geophysics82, no. 2: S143–57.
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Gazdag, J.1978. Wave equation migration with the phase-shift method. Geophysics43, no. 7: 1342–51.
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Gray, S.H., C.Notfors, and N.Bleistein. 2002. Imaging using multi-arrivals: Gaussian beams or multi-arrival Kirchhoff?72nd Annual International Meeting, SEG, Expanded abstracts, 1117–20.
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Huang, T., Y.Zhang, H.Zhang, and J.Young. 2009. Subsalt imaging using TTI reverse time migration. The Leading Edge28: 448–52.
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Ha, J., S.Shin, W.Chung, and C.Shin. 2015. Efficient elastic reverse-time migration for the decomposed P-wavefield using stress tensor in the time domain. Journal of Applied Geophysics116: 121–34.
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Kim, Y.S., A.Almomin, W.Jeong, and C.Tsingas. 2019. Least-squares reverse time migration using analytic-signal-based wavefield decomposition. Geophysics84, no. 3: S149–57.
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Li, Y., Q.Guo, Z.Li, and T.Alkhalifah. 2019. Elastic reflection waveform inversion with variable density. Geophysics84, no. 4: R553–67.
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Liu, F., G.Zhang, S.A.Morton, and J.P.Leveille. 2007. Reverse-time migration using one-way wavefield imaging condition. 77th Annual International Meeting, SEG, Expanded abstracts, 2170–74.
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Liu, Y., X.Chang, D.Jin, R.He, and H.Sun. 2011a. Reverse time migration of multiples for subsalt imaging. Geophysics76, no. 5, WB209–16.
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Liu, F., G.Zhang, S.Morton, and J.P.and Leveille. 2011b. An effective imaging condition for reverse-time migration using wavefield decomposition. Geophysics76, no. 1: S29–39.
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Ma, Y., and D.Hale. 2012. Quasi-newton full-waveform inversion with a projected Hessian. Geophysics77, no. 5: R207–16.
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Marfurt, K.J.1984. Accuracy of finite-difference and finite-element modeling of the scalar and elastic wave equation. Geophysics49: 533–49.
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Martin, G.S., K.J.Marfurt, and S.Larsen. 2002. Marmousi-2: An updated model for the investigation of AVO in structurally complex areas 21. SEG Technical program, Expanded abstracts, 1979–82.
  22. Operto, S., J.Virieux, J.X.Dessa, and G.Pascal. 2006. Crustal seismic imaging from multifold ocean bottom seismometer data by frequency domain full-waveform tomography: Application to the eastern Nankai trough. Journal of Geophysical Research111: B09306.
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Operto, S., Y.Gholami, V.Prieux, A.Ribodetti, R.Brossier, L.Metivier, and J.Virieux. 2013. A guided tour of multiparameter full-waveform inversion with multicomponent data: From theory to practice. The Leading Edge32, no. 9: 1040–54.
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Operto, S., and A.Miniussi. 2018. On the role of density and attenuation in three-dimensional multiparameter viscoacoustic VTI frequency-domain FWI: An OBC case study from the North Sea. Geophysical Journal International213, no. 3: 2037–59.
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Plessix, R.-E., and W.A.Mulder. 2004. Frequency-domain finite-difference amplitude-preserving migration. Geophysical Journal International157, no. 3: 975–87.
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Pratt, R.G., C.Shin, and G.J.Hicks. 1998. Gauss-Newton and full Newton method in frequency domain seismic waveform inversion. Geophysical Journal International133, no. 2: 341–62.
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Pratt, R.G.1999a. Seismic waveform inversion in the frequency domain – part 1: Theory and verification in a physical scale method. Geophysics64, no. 3: 888–901.
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Pratt, R.G.1999b. Seismic waveform inversion in the frequency domain – part 2: Fault delineation in sediments using crosshole data. Geophysics64, no. 3: 902–14.
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Ren, Z., Y.Liu, and M.K.Sen. 2017. Least-squares reverse time migration in elastic media. Geophysical Journal International208, no. 2: 1103–25.
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Sava, P., and S.Fomel. 2003. Angle-domain common gathers by wavefield continuation methods. Geophysics63: 1065–74.
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Schuster, G.T.1993. Least-squares cross-well migration. 63rd Annual International Meeting, SEG, Expanded abstracts, 110–13.
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Shin, C., D.J.Min, D.Yang, and S.K.Lee. 2003. Evaluation of poststack migration in terms of virtual source and partial derivative wavefields. Journal of Seismic Exploration12, no. 1: 17–37.
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Stockwell, J.W., and J.K.Cohen. 2008. The new SU user’s manual. Golden, CO: Colorado School of Mines.
  34. Stolt, R.H.1978. Migration by Fourier transform. Geophysics43, no. 1: 23–48.
    [Google Scholar]
  35. Tarantola, A.1984. Inversion of seismic reflection data in the acoustic approximation. Geophysics49, no. 8: 1259–66.
    [Google Scholar]
  36. Vardy, M.E., and T.J.Henstock. 2010. A frequency approximated approach to Kirchhoff migration. Geophysics75, no. 6: S211–18.
    [Google Scholar]
  37. Warner, M., A.Ratclie, T.Nangoo, J.Morgan, A.Umpleby, N.Shah, V.Vinje, et al.2013. Anisotropic 3D full-waveform inversion. Geophysics78, no. 2: R59–80.
    [Google Scholar]
  38. Whitmore, N.D.1983. Iterative depth migration by backward time propagation. 53rd Annual International Meeting, SEG, Expanded abstracts, 382–5.
    [Google Scholar]
  39. Wong, M., B.Biondi, and S.Ronen. 2015. Imaging with primaries and free-surface multiples by joint least-squares reverse time migration. Geophysics80, no. 6: S223–35.
    [Google Scholar]
  40. Xu, S., H.Chauris, G.Lambaré, and M.Noble. 2001. Common angle migration: A strategy for imaging complex media. Geophysics66, no. 6: 1877–94.
    [Google Scholar]
  41. Xu, S., Y.Zhang, and B.Tang. 2011. 3D angle gathers from reverse time migration. Geophysics76, no. 2: S77–92.
    [Google Scholar]
  42. Xu, L., and M.D.Sacchi. 2018. Preconditioned acoustic least-squares two-way wave-equation migration with exact adjoint operator. Geophysics83, no. 1: S1–13.
    [Google Scholar]
  43. Yang, Z., J.Hembd, H.Chen, and J.Yang. 2015. Reverse time migration of multiples: Applications and challenges. The Leading Edge34, no. 7: 780–6.
    [Google Scholar]
  44. Yang, J., Y.E.Li, A.Cheng, Y.Liu, and L.Dong. 2019. Least-squares reverse time migration in the presence of velocity errors. Geophysics84, no. 6: S567–80.
    [Google Scholar]
  45. Zhang, Y., and J.Sun. 2009. Practical issues of reverse time migration: True amplitude gathers, noise removal and harmonic-source encoding. SEG Global Meeting Abstracts, 29–35.
  46. Zhang, D., and G.T.Schuster. 2014. Least-square reverse time migration of multiples. Geophysics79, no. 1: S11–21.
    [Google Scholar]
/content/journals/10.1080/08123985.2021.1903810
Loading
/content/journals/10.1080/08123985.2021.1903810
Loading

Data & Media loading...

  • Article Type: Research Article
Keyword(s): depth migration; imaging; reproduction wavefield; Reverse time migration

Most Cited This Month Most Cited RSS feed

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error