1887
Volume 53, Issue 4
  • ISSN: 0812-3985
  • E-ISSN: 1834-7533

Abstract

Two-way wave depth migration (TWDM) can achieve a wider imaging angle in media with significant lateral velocity changes and better imaging results for complex structures with high dip angles than in conventional one-way wave depth migration. Conventional one-way wave migration uses a boundary condition to approximately solve the second-order wave equation, leading to limited propagating angles and inaccurate imaging results, especially for complicated structures. Theoretically, a full-wave equation is of second order and requires two boundary conditions to solve it. The dual-sensor acquisition system can provide sufficient boundary conditions; however, it is challenging to acquire ideal, cost-effective, and factual seismic data, particularly in 3D seismic exploration. Overcoming these shortcomings, we propose a solution that uses conventional surface data to accurately estimate the wavefield at the second layer as another boundary condition. Based on the eigen-decomposition theory, a one-way propagator to suit arbitrary variant velocity on the surface is introduced.The conventional Fourier finite-difference (FFD) and generalised screen propagator (GSP) are utilised to perform the proposed TWDM schemes. The impulse responses proved that the proposed scheme using FFD and GSP operators had no limitation on the propagation angle. The single-shot migrated results in the flat model confirmed that the proposed schemes could achieve better amplitude-preserving performance than the conventional one-way schemes. The dip model showed that the proposed scheme was consistent with the characteristics of one-way wave propagators in imaging steep dippings. Imaging results of the Marmousi model further confirmed that the proposed scheme could obtain more accurate imaging sections for complex structures, especially for steep flanks and deep-seated anticlines. The application of actual dual-sensor seismic data demonstrated that the proposed scheme could achieve a higher imaging quality than the dual-sensor method.

© 2021 Australian Society of Exploration Geophysicists
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/10.1080/08123985.2021.1965873
2022-07-04
2026-01-14

  • From This Site

    /content/journals/10.1080/08123985.2021.1965873
    dcterms_title,dcterms_subject,pub_keyword
    -contentType:Journal -contentType:Contributor -contentType:Concept -contentType:Institution
    10
    5
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

References

  1. Biondi, B.2002. Stable-wide angle Fourier finite-difference downward extrapolation of 3D wavefields. Geophysics67: 872–882.
     [Google Scholar]
  2. Chen, J.2010. On the selection of reference velocities for split-step Fourier and generalized-screen migration methods. Geophysics75 no. 6: S249–S257.
     [Google Scholar]
  3. Claerbout, J.F.1971. Toward a unified theory of reflector mapping. Geophysics36: 467–481.
     [Google Scholar]
  4. De Hoop, M.V., J.H.Le Rousseau, and R.Wu. 2000. Generalization of the phase-screen approximation for the scattering of acoustic waves. Wave Motion31: 43–70.
     [Google Scholar]
  5. Gazdag, J.1978. Wave equation migration with the phase-shift method. Geophysics43: 1342–1351.
     [Google Scholar]
  6. Gazdag, J., and P.Sguazzero. 1984. Migration of seismic data by phase-shift plus interpolation. Geophysics49: 124–131.
     [Google Scholar]
  7. Grimbergen, J.L.T., F.J.Dessing, and K.Wapenaar. 1998. Modal expansion of one-way operators in laterally varying media. Geophysics63: 995–1005.
     [Google Scholar]
  8. Guddati, M.N., and A.H.Heidari. 2005. Migration with arbitrarily wide-angle wave equations. Geophysics70 no. 3: S61–S70. 0016-8033.
     [Google Scholar]
  9. Guitton, A., A.Valenciano, D.Bevc, and J.Claerbout. 2007. Smoothing imaging condition for shot profile migration. Geophysics72 no. 3: S149–S154.
     [Google Scholar]
  10. Han, Q.Y., and R.Wu. 2005. One-way dual-domain propagators for scalar qP-wave in VTI media. Geophysics70 no. 2: D9–D17.
     [Google Scholar]
  11. Huang, L.J., and M.C.Fehler. 2000. Globally optimized Fourier finite-difference migration method: 70th Annual International Meeting, SEG,.
  12. Jia, X., and R.Wu. 2009. Super wide-angle one-way wave propagator and its application in imaging steep salt flanks. Geophysics74 no. 4: S75–S83.
     [Google Scholar]
  13. Jin, S., and R.Wu. 1999. Depth migration with a windowed screen propagator. Journal of Seismic Exploration8: 27–38.
     [Google Scholar]
  14. Kosloff, D., and E.Baysal. 1983. Migration with the full acoustic equation. Geophysics48: 677–687.
     [Google Scholar]
  15. Le Rousseau, J.H., and M.V.de Hoop. 2001. Modeling and imaging with the scalar generalized-screen algorithms in isotropic media. Geophysics66: 1551–1568.
     [Google Scholar]
  16. Pan, J.2015. A new upward and downward wavefield continuation for two-way wave equation migration. 85th Annual International Meeting, SEG, expanded abstracts. 4180–4184.
     [Google Scholar]
  17. Ristow, D., and T.Rühl. 1994. Fourier finite-difference migration. Geophysics59: 1882–1893.
     [Google Scholar]
  18. Sandberg, K., and G.Beylkin. 2009. Full-wave-equation depth extrapolation for migration. Geophysics74 no. 6: WCA121–WCA128.
     [Google Scholar]
  19. Song, S., J.You, Q.Cao, B.Chen, and X.Cao. 2020. Depth migration based on two-way wave equation to image OBS multiples: A case study in the South Shetland Margin (Antarctica). Geofluids, 2020: 1–9.
     [Google Scholar]
  20. Stoffa, P.L., J.T.Fokkema, R.M.de Luna Freire, and W.P.Kessinger. 1990. Split-step Fourier migration. Geophysics56: 410–421.
     [Google Scholar]
  21. Valenciano, A., and B.Biondi. 2003. 2D deconvolution imaging condition for shot profile migration. 73rd Annual International Meeting, SEG, ExpandedAbstracts. 1059–1062.
     [Google Scholar]
  22. Wu, B., R.Wu, and J.Gao. 2012. Preliminary investigation of wavefield depth extrapolation by two-way wave equations. International Journal of Geophysics2012: 1–11.
     [Google Scholar]
  23. Yan, P., and Q.He. 1994. Modeling seismic waves in transversely isotropic media. Geophysics59 no. 11: 1745–1749.
     [Google Scholar]
  24. You, J., J.Cao, and J.Wang. 2020. Two-way wave equation prestack depth migration using matrix decomposition theory. Chinese Journal of Geophysics63 no. 10: 3838–3848. (in Chinese).
     [Google Scholar]
  25. You, J., G.Li, X.Liu, W.Han, and G.Zhang. 2016. Full-wave-equation depth extrapolation for true amplitude migration based on a dual-sensor seismic acquisition system. Geophysical Journal International204 no. 3: 1462–1476.
     [Google Scholar]
  26. You, J., R.Wu, and X.Liu. 2018. One-way true-amplitude migration using matrix decomposition. Geophysics83 no. 5: S387–S398.
     [Google Scholar]
  27. You, J., R.Wu, X.Liu, P.Zhang, W.Han, and G.Zhang. 2018. Two-way wave equation depth migration using one-way propagators based on a dual-sensor seismic acquisition system. Geophysics83 no. 3: 1942–2156.
     [Google Scholar]
  28. Zhang, J., W.Wang, S.Wang, and Z.Yao. 2010. Optimized Chebyshev Fourier migration: A wide-angle dual-domain method for media with strong velocity contrasts. Geophysics75 no. 2: S23–S34.
     [Google Scholar]
/content/journals/10.1080/08123985.2021.1965873
Loading
Two-way wave equation depth migration using one-way propagator extrapolation
Exploration Geophysics 53, 386 (2022); https://doi.org/10.1080/08123985.2021.1965873
/content/journals/10.1080/08123985.2021.1965873
/content/journals/10.1080/08123985.2021.1965873
Loading

Data & Media loading...

  • Article Type: Research Article
Keyword(s): depth migration; eigen-decomposition; one-way propagator; Two-way wave equation; wavefield extrapolation

Most Cited This Month Most Cited RSS feed

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error