Not all faults are conductive: the effects of seasonal weather changes on the near‐surface expression of faults

References

1. Amos, C.B., Lapwood, J.J., Nobes, D.C., Burbank, D.W., Rieser, U. and Wade, A. (2011) Paleoseismic constraints on Holocene surface ruptures along the Ostler Fault, southern New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics, 54(4), 367–378. https://doi.org/10.1080/00288306.2011.601746.
   [Google Scholar]
2. Annan, A.P. (2005) The principles of ground penetrating radar. In: Butler, D.K. (Ed.) Near‐Surface Geophysics. Investigations in Geophysics, No. 13. Tulsa, OK: Society of Exploration Geophysicists, pp. 357–438.
   [Google Scholar]
3. Corboz, P., Horstmeyer, H., Tronicke, J., Nobes, D., Campbell, J. and Green, A. (2005) High‐resolution geophysical surveying at the Springfield Fault, New Zealand. Near Surface 2005: Proceedings of the 11th European Meeting of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics, Palermo, Italy.
4. Cosentino, P., Cimino, A. and Riggio, A.M. (1978) Time variations of the resistivity in a layered structure with unconfined aquifer. Geoexploration, 17, 11–17.
   [Google Scholar]
5. Ernstson, K. and Scherer, H.U. (1986) Self‐potential variations with time and their relation to hydrogeological and meteorological parameters. Geophysics, 51, 1967–1977.
   [Google Scholar]
6. Hornblow, S.M. (2010) Climatic Controls on the Physical Properties of the Ruataniwha Fault, Ostler Fault Zone, New Zealand. B.Sc. (Honours) dissertation, Geological Sciences, University of Canterbury.
   [Google Scholar]
7. Lapwood, J.J. (2006) Recent Active Tectonics of the Glen Lyon Segment of the Ostler Fault. B.Sc. (Honours) dissertation, Engineering Geology, University of Canterbury.
   [Google Scholar]
8. Loke, M.H. and Barker, R.D. (1996) Rapid least‐squares inversion of apparent resistivity pseudosections by a quasi‐Newton method. Geophysical Prospecting, 44, 131–152.
   [Google Scholar]
9. Mosley‐Bufford, K., Atekwana, E.A., Abdelsalam, M.G., Shemang, E., Atekwana, E.A., Mickus, K., et al. (2012) Geometry and fault tectonic activity of the Okavango Rift Zone, Botswana: Evidence from magnetotelluric and electrical resistivity tomography imaging. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 65, 61–71, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2012.
   [Google Scholar]
10. Nobes, D.C. (2015) The importance and utility of complementary data sets in geophysical imaging: Examples using ground penetrating radar and electrical imaging. Proceedings of the 2nd Near Surface Asia Pacific Conference, Waikoloa, Hawaii, Ground Penetrating Radar Session Paper 1. https://doi.org/10.1190/NSAPC2015‐078.
11. Nobes, D.C., Ferguson, R.J. and Brierly, G.J. (2001) Ground‐penetrating radar and sedimentological analysis of Holocene floodplains: insight from the Tuross valley, New South Wales. Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, 48, 347–355. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1440‐0952.2001.00864.x.
    [Google Scholar]
12. Nobes, D.C., Hornblow, S.M. and Lapwood, J.J. (2010) A radar interpretation pitfall: Velocity push‐down due to a footwall loess wedge in the ground penetrating radar imaging of the Ostler Fault, New Zealand. 88th Annual International SEG: Expanded Abstracts, Denver, Colorado, USA, 1955–1959. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.3513226.
13. Nobes, D.C. and Atekwana, E.A. (2018) Pitfalls in near‐surface geophysical interpretation: challenging paradigms and misconceptions. Interpretation, 6(4), SL1–SL9, https://doi.org/10.1190/INT‐2017‐0104.1.
    [Google Scholar]
14. Nobes, D.C. (2018) Interpretation pitfalls to avoid in void interpretation from ground‐penetrating radar imaging. Interpretation, 6(4), SL21–SL28, https://doi.org/10.1190/INT‐2018‐0049.1.
    [Google Scholar]
15. Ritter, O., Hoffman‐Rothe, A., Bedrosian, P.A., Weckmann, U. and Haak, V. (2005) Electrical conductivity images of active and fossil fault zones. In: Bruhn, D. and Burlini, L. (Eds) High‐Strain Zones: Structure and Physical Properties. Special Publication vol. 245. London, UK: Geological Society of London, pp. 165–186. https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2005.245.01.08.
    [Google Scholar]
16. Russell, E.F. and Barker, R.D. (2010) Electrical properties of clay in relation to moisture loss. Near Surface Geophysics, 8(2), 173–180. https://doi.org/10.3997/1873‐0604.2010001.
    [Google Scholar]
17. Wallace, S.C., Nobes, D.C.Davis, K.J.Burbank, D.W. and White, A. (2010) Three‐dimensional GPR imaging of the Benmore Anticline and step‐over of the Ostler Fault, South Island, New Zealand. Geophysical Journal International, 180, 465–474, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365‐246X.2009.04400.x.
    [Google Scholar]
18. Zhang, X., Gao, P.,Yu, F. and Wang, K. (2014) The application of electrical method to the investigation of irrigation infiltration induced the loess collapse. In: Pan, Z. (Ed) Near Surface Geophysics and Urbanization: Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Environmental and Engineering Geophysics. Science Press, pp. 744–748.
    [Google Scholar]