1887
Volume 70, Issue 4
  • E-ISSN: 1365-2478

Abstract

ABSTRACT

The first step in correcting for time delays of land seismic data due to low‐velocity weathered layers is to pick the first‐arrival times of the refracting energy. But doing so for vibroseis data can be difficult, as the seismic wavelet is often ringy and uncompact, resulting in cycle‐skipped picks. Even when we manage to pick a waveform feature consistently, it is not clear where the first‐arrival time is in relation to it. I present a novel method that shapes the seismic wavelet to a Ricker wavelet whose peak is located at the true arrival time, so the time of the first arrival is unambiguous. Further, the arrivals are less ringy and their energy more focused, so that they are less likely to cycle skip or be overwhelmed by random noise. The result is more accurate and consistent first‐arrival picks.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/10.1111/1365-2478.13196
2022-04-14
2024-03-28
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

References

  1. Aki, K. and Richards, P.G. (2002) Quantitative Seismology, 2nd edition. Sausalito, CA: University Science Books.
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Baeten, G. and Ziolkowski, A. (1990) The vibroseis Source. New York: Elsevier.
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Boschetti, F., Dentith, M.D. and List, R.D. (1996) A fractal‐based algorithm for detecting first arrivals on seismic traces. Geophysics, 61, 1095–1102.
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Berkhout, A.J. (1988) Seismic Resolution: A Quantitative Analysis of Resolving Power of Acoustical Echo Techniques. London: Geophysical Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Cassinis, R. and Borgonovi, L. (1966) Significance and implications of shingling in refraction records. Geophysical Prospecting, 14(4), 547–565.
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Coppens, F. (1985) First arrival picking on common‐offset trace collections for automatic estimation of static corrections. Geophysical Prospecting, 33(8), 1212–1231.
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Cox, M. (1999) Static Corrections for Seismic Reflection Surveys. Tulsa, OK: SEG.
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Ellison, D., Innanen, K. and Cameron, G. (2017) Improved resolution in depth imaging through reflection static corrections derived from model‐based moveout. 87th Annual International Meeting, SEG, Expanded Abstracts.
  9. Futterman, W.I. (1962) Dispersive body waves. Journal of Geophysical Research, 67(13), 5279–5291.
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Gardner, L.W. (1939) An areal plan of mapping subsurface structures by refraction shooting. Geophysics, 4(4), 247–259.
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Gibson, B. and Larner, K. (1984) Predictive deconvolution and the zero‐phase source. Geophysics, 49(4), 379–397.
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Hampson, D. and Russell, B. (1984) First‐break interpretation using generalized linear inversion. 39th Annual International Meeting, SEG, Expanded Abstracts.
  13. Hart, D.I., Hootman, B.W. and Jackson, A.R. (2001) Modeling the seismic wavelet using model‐based wavelet processing. 56th Annual International Meeting, SEG, Expanded Abstracts.
  14. Hatherly, P.J. (1986) Attenuation measurements on shallow seismic refraction data. Geophysics, 51(3), 250–254.
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Hons, M., Stewart, R., Lawton, D., Bertram, M. and Hauer, G. (2008) Accelerometer vs. geophone response, a field case history. CSPG/CSEG/CWLS GeoConvention.
  16. Hosken, J.W.J. (1988) Ricker wavelets in their various guises. First Break, 6(1), 24–33.
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Kobayashi, Y. (2001) Delay of first arrival caused by dispersion of seismic body waves. 56th Annual International Meeting, SEG, Expanded Abstracts.
  18. Krohn, C.E. (1984) Geophone ground coupling. Geophysics, 49(6), 722–731.
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Landrum, R.A., Brook, R.A. and Sallas, J.J. (1994) Polarity convention for vibratory source/recording systems. Geophysics, 59(2), 315–322.
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Ma, Y., Cao, S., Rector, J.W. and Zhang, Z. (2020) Automated arrival‐time picking using a pixel‐level network. Geophysics, 85, V415–V423.
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Oppenheim, A.V. and Schafer, R. W. (2010) Discrete‐Time Signal Processing, 3rd edition. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Quan, Y. and Harris, J.M. (1997) Seismic attenuation tomography using the frequency shift method. Geophysics, 62(3), 895–905.
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Ricker, N. (1940) The form and nature of seismic waves and the structure of seismograms. Geophysics, 5(4), 348–366.
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Ristow, D. and Jurczyk, D. (1975) Vibroseis deconvolution. Geophysical Prospecting, 23(2), 363–379.
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Sakallioglu, Y. (2011) Field Testing Seismic Phase and Polarity – Vibratory Source Signature and Recording Systems. 6th Congress of Balkan Geophysical Society, Budapest, Hungary.
  26. Vermeer, G.J.O. (1990) Seismic Wavefield Sampling. Tulsa, OK: Society of Exploration Geophysicists.
  27. Wiggins, R.A., Larner, K.L. and Wisecup, R.D. (1976) Residuals statics analysis as a general linear inverse problem. Geophysics, 41, 922–938.
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Yang, D., Liu, J. and Li, D. (2020) Q‐factor estimation using bisection algorithm with power spectrum. Geophysics, 85(3), V233–V248.
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journals/10.1111/1365-2478.13196
Loading
/content/journals/10.1111/1365-2478.13196
Loading

Data & Media loading...

  • Article Type: Research Article
Keyword(s): Attenuation; Noise; Seismics; Signal processing

Most Cited This Month Most Cited RSS feed

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error