1887
Volume 71, Issue 8
  • E-ISSN: 1365-2478

Abstract

Abstract

The primary focus of this study is to explore the potential mineral areas. Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer images and radiometric data were combined in the Tikirt region to map hydrothermal alteration zones associated with mineralized deposits. Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer images were analysed using band ratios, principal component analysis and a fuzzy logic model to discover argillic, phyllic, propylitic and iron oxide alterations and to generate a mineral prospectivity map. In addition, mono‐element maps of radiometric elements (K in %, eU in ppm, eTh in ppm) and their behaviour in the ternary image have been elaborated to determine the concentrations of radiometric elements and the variation of radiometric character along the exposed terrains. The parameter was calculated to target high potassium concentration areas associated with hydrothermal alteration zones. Combining the two methods highlighted four hydrothermal alteration zones considered very promising from a mining point of view. These zones are generally linked to the magma bodies affected by normal faults and exhibit a clear spatial correlation with mineral occurrences.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/10.1111/1365-2478.13376
2023-09-22
2025-12-08
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

References

  1. Abd El Nabi, S.H. (2013) Role of γ‐ray spectrometry in detecting potassic alteration associated with Um Ba'anib granitic gneiss and metasediments, G. Meatiq area, Central Eastern Desert, Egypt. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 6(4), 1249–1261.
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Abrams, M. (2000) The advanced spaceborne thermal emission and reflection radiometer (ASTER): data products for the high spatial resolution imager on NASA's Terra platform. International Journal of Remote sensing, 21(5), 847–859.
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Abubakar, A.J., Hashim, M. & Pour, A.B. (2019) Identification of hydrothermal alteration minerals associated with geothermal system using ASTER and Hyperion satellite data: a case study from Yankari Park, NE Nigeria. Geocarto International, 34(6), 597–625.
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Adiri, Z., El Harti, A., Jellouli, A., Maacha, L. & Bachaoui, E.M. (2016) Lithological mapping using Landsat 8 OLI and Terra ASTER multispectral data in the Bas Drâa inlier, Moroccan Anti Atlas. Journal of Applied Remote Sensing, 10(1), 16005.
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Adiri, Z., Lhissou, R., El Harti, A., Jellouli, A. & Chakouri, M. (2020) Recent advances in the use of public domain satellite imagery for mineral exploration: a review of Landsat‐8 and Sentinel‐2 applications. Ore Geology Reviews, 117, 103332.
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Aisabokhae, J. & Osazuwa, I. (2021) Radiometric mapping and spectral based classification of rocks using remote sensing data analysis: the Precambrian basement complex, NW Nigeria. Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment, 21, 100447.
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Almasi, A., Jafarirad, A., Kheyrollahi, H., Rahimi, M. & Afzal, P. (2014) Evaluation of structural and geological factors in orogenic gold type mineralisation in the Kervian area, north‐west Iran, using airborne geophysical data. Exploration Geophysics, 45(4), 261–270.
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Amin, B.P., Mazlan, H. & Maged, M. (2011) Using spectral mapping techniques on short wave infrared bands of ASTER remote sensing data for alteration mineral mapping in SE Iran. International journal of physical sciences, 6(4), 917–929.
    [Google Scholar]
  9. An, P. (1991) Application of fuzzy set theory to integrated mineral exploration. Canadian Journal of Exploration Geophysics, 27, 1–11
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Angoud, M., Atik, M., Benchra, M., Cherifi, A., Daimi, A., Driouche, H. et al. (2002a). Notice explicatif de la carte géologique, Feuille Tikirt. Notes et Mémoires Service Géologique Maroc, 442, 53.
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Angoud, M., Atik, M., Benchra, M., Cherifi, A., Daimi, A., Driouche, H. et al. (2002b) Carte géologique du Maroc 1: 50 000, Feuille Tikirt. Notes et Mémoires Service Géologique Maroc, 442.
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Argyriou, A. V, Teeuw, R.M., Rust, D. & Sarris, A. (2016) GIS multi‐criteria decision analysis for assessment and mapping of neotectonic landscape deformation: a case study from Crete. Geomorphology, 253, 262–274.
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Argyriou, A. V, Teeuw, R.M., Soupios, P. & Sarris, A. (2017) Neotectonic control on drainage systems: GIS‐based geomorphometric and morphotectonic assessment for Crete, Greece. Journal of Structural Geology, 104, 93–111.
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Badr, Y.S. (2021) Integrated spectral analysis of ASTER and gamma‐ray spectrometric data to delineate alteration minerals for uranium exploration in Gabal Khashm El‐Risha area, North Eastern Desert, Egypt. Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment, 24, 100632.
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Benziane, F., Yazidi, A. & Prost, A.E. (1983) Le passage du precambrien, le Cambrien precoce volcanique et sedimentaire de l'anti‐atlas oriental, comparaisons avec l'anti‐atlas occidental. Bulletin de la Société géologique de France, 7(4), 549–556.
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Bolouki, S.M., Ramazi, H.R., Maghsoudi, A., Beiranvand Pour, A. & Sohrabi, G. (2020) A remote sensing‐based application of Bayesian networks for epithermal gold potential mapping in Ahar‐Arasbaran area, NW Iran. Remote Sensing, 12(1), 105.
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Carranza, E.J.M. & Hale, M. (2001) Geologically constrained fuzzy mapping of gold mineralization potential, Baguio district, Philippines. Natural Resources Research, 10, 125–136.
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Carter, B. & Rinner, C. (2014) Locally weighted linear combination in a vector geographic information system. Journal of Geographical Systems, 16, 343–361.
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Cheilletz, A., Levresse, G., Gasquet, D., Azizi‐Samir, M., Zyadi, R., Archibald, D.A. et al. (2002) The giant Imiter silver deposit: Neoproterozoic epithermal mineralization in the Anti‐Atlas, Morocco. Mineralium Deposita, 37(8), 772–781.
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Colby, J.D. (1991) Topographic normalization in rugged terrain. Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, 57(5), 531–537.
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Crowley, J.K., Brickey, D.W. & Rowan, L.C. (1989) Airborne imaging spectrometer data of the Ruby Mountains, Montana: mineral discrimination using relative absorption band‐depth images. Remote Sensing of Environment, 29(2), 121–134.
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Deb, M. & Sarkar, S.C. (2017) Minerals and allied natural resources and their sustainable development. Singapore: Springer Geology. https://doi.org/10.1007/978‐981‐10‐4564‐6
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Dentith, M. & Mudge, S.T. (2014) Geophysics for the mineral exploration geoscientist. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Di Tommaso, I. & Rubinstein, N. (2007) Hydrothermal alteration mapping using ASTER data in the Infiernillo porphyry deposit, Argentina. Ore Geology Reviews, 32, 275–290.
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Drobne, S. & Lisec, A. (2009) Multi‐attribute decision analysis in GIS: weighted linear combination and ordered weighted averaging. Informatica, 33(4), 459–474.
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Ebele, J.E., Ofoegbu, C.O. & Nur, A. (2021) Interpretation of high‐resolution aeromagnetic and radiometric data for delineation of mineral potential zones over Abuja and Environs, North‐Central Nigeria. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 14(18), 1–24.
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Echogdali, F.Z., Boutaleb, S., Abia, E.H., Ouchchen, M., Dadi, B., Id‐Belqas, M. et al. (2021) Mineral prospectivity mapping: a potential technique for sustainable mineral exploration and mining activities—a case study using the copper deposits of the Tagmout basin, Morocco. Geocarto International, 37, 1–20.
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Efimov, A. V (1978) Multiplikativnyj pokazatel dlja vydelenija endogennych rud po aerogamma–spektrometriceskim dannym. Metody rudnoj geofiziki. Leningrad, Naucno‐proizvodstvennoje objedinenie geofizika Ed., p. 59‐68.
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Eklundh, L. & Singh, A. (1993) A comparative analysis of standardised and unstandardised principal components analysis in remote sensing. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 14(7), 1359–1370.
    [Google Scholar]
  30. El Janati, M. (2019) Application of remotely sensed ASTER data in detecting alteration hosting Cu, Ag and Au bearing mineralized zones in Taghdout area, Central Anti‐Atlas of Morocco. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 151, 95–106.
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Elkhateeb, S.O. & Abdellatif, M.A.G. (2018) Delineation potential gold mineralization zones in a part of Central Eastern Desert, Egypt using Airborne Magnetic and Radiometric data. NRIAG Journal of Astronomy and Geophysics, 7(2), 361–376.
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Et‐Tayea, Y., Rachid, A., Attou, A., Nasri, H., Mamouch, Y., El Khazanti, F. et al. (2021) A new bentonite deposit prospected in the Cap des Trois Fourches area (north‐eastern Rif, Morocco) using spectrometry by satellite imagery coupled with mineralogical, chemical, and microstructural investigations. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 14(24), 1–14.
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Gasquet, D., Ennih, N., Liégeois, J.P., Soulaimani, A. & Michard, A. (2008) The Pan‐African Belt. In: Continental evolution: the geology of Morocco. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, pp. 33–64.
    [Google Scholar]
  34. Gasquet, D., Levresse, G., Cheilletz, A., Azizi‐Samir, M.R. & Mouttaqi, A. (2005) Contribution to a geodynamic reconstruction of the Anti‐Atlas (Morocco) during Pan‐African times with the emphasis on inversion tectonics and metallogenic activity at the Precambrian–Cambrian transition. Precambrian Research, 140(3–4), 157–182.
    [Google Scholar]
  35. Ghanbari, Y., Hezarkhani, A., Ataei, M. & Pazand, K. (2012) Mineral potential mapping with fuzzy models in the Kerman–Kashmar Tectonic Zone, Central Iran. Applied Geomatics, 4(3), 173–186.
    [Google Scholar]
  36. Ghoneim, S.M., Abd El Nabi, S.H., Yehia, M.A. & Salem, S.M. (2021) Using air‐borne gamma ray spectrometry and remote sensing data for detecting alteration zones around Wadi Saqia area, Central Eastern Desert, Egypt. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 178, 104181.
    [Google Scholar]
  37. Gnojek, I. & Přichystal, A. (1985) A new zinc mineralization detected by airborne gamma‐ray spectrometry in northern Moravia (Czechoslovakia). Geoexploration, 23(4), 491–502.
    [Google Scholar]
  38. Govil, H., Gill, N., Rajendran, S., Santosh, M. & Kumar, S. (2018) Identification of new base metal mineralization in Kumaon Himalaya, India, using hyperspectral remote sensing and hydrothermal alteration. Ore Geology Reviews, 92, 271–283.
    [Google Scholar]
  39. Grochowski, J., Kuchenbecker, M., Barbuena, D. & Novo, T.A. (2019) Integrating geological and airborne geophysical data to review the cartography of Rio Itanguá Batholith, Araçuaí Orogen, Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Geology, 49, 1‐11.
    [Google Scholar]
  40. Hassan, S.M. & Ramadan, T.M. (2015) Mapping of the late Neoproterozoic Basement rocks and detection of the gold‐bearing alteration zones at Abu Marawat‐Semna area, Eastern Desert, Egypt using remote sensing data. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 8(7), 4641–4656.
    [Google Scholar]
  41. Hunt, G.R. (1977) Spectral signatures of particulate minerals in the visible and near infrared. Geophysics, 42(3), 501–513.
    [Google Scholar]
  42. Ibraheem, I.M., El‐Husseiny, A.A. & Othman, A.A. (2022) Structural and mineral exploration study at the transition zone between the North and the Central Eastern Desert, Egypt, using airborne magnetic and gamma‐ray spectrometric data. Geocarto International, 37, 13098–13126.
    [Google Scholar]
  43. Justman, D., Creason, C.G., Rose, K. & Bauer, J. (2020) A knowledge‐data framework and geospatial fuzzy logic‐based approach to model and predict structural complexity. Journal of Structural Geology, 141, 104153.
    [Google Scholar]
  44. Kim, Y.H., Choe, K.U. & Ri, R.K. (2019) Application of fuzzy logic and geometric average: a Cu sulfide deposits potential mapping case study from Kapsan Basin, DPR Korea. Ore Geology Reviews, 107, 239–247.
    [Google Scholar]
  45. Lamrani, O., Aabi, A., Boushaba, A., Seghir, M.T., Adiri, Z. & Samaoui, S. (2021) Bentonite clay minerals mapping using ASTER and field mineralogical data: a case study from the eastern Rif belt, Morocco. Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment, 24, 100640.
    [Google Scholar]
  46. Leblanc, M. (1975) Ophiolites précambriennes et gites arseniés de cobalt: Bou Azzer (Maroc). These Doctorat d'Etat, Faculte des Science Paris VI, Memoires Centre Geologique et Geophysique. p. 329.
    [Google Scholar]
  47. Leväniemi, H., Hulkki, H. & Tiainen, M. (2017) SOM guided fuzzy logic prospectivity model for gold in the Häme Belt, southwestern Finland. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 128, 72–83.
    [Google Scholar]
  48. Levresse, G. (2001) Contribution à l’établissement d'un modèle génétique des gisements d'Imiter (Ag‐Hg), Bou Madine (Pb‐Zn‐Cu‐Ag‐Au) et Bou Azzer (Co‐Ni‐As‐Au‐Ag) dans l'Anti‐Atlas marocain.Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine, Nancy, France, p. 191. Ph.D. thesis
    [Google Scholar]
  49. Linhai Jing, Q.C. & Panahi, A. (2006) Principal component analysis with optimum order sample correlation coefficient for image enhancement. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 27(16), 3387–3401.
    [Google Scholar]
  50. Lisitsin, V.A., Porwal, A. & McCuaig, T.C. (2014) Probabilistic fuzzy logic modeling: quantifying uncertainty of mineral prospectivity models using Monte Carlo simulations. Mathematical Geosciences, 46, 747–769.
    [Google Scholar]
  51. Liu, L., Li, Y., Zhou, J., Han, L. & Xu, X. (2018) Gold‐copper deposits in Wushitala, Southern Tianshan, Northwest China: application of ASTER data for mineral exploration. Geological Journal, 53, 362–371.
    [Google Scholar]
  52. Mamouch, Y., Attou, A., Miftah, A., Ouchchen, M., Dadi, B., Achkouch, L. et al. (2022) Mapping of hydrothermal alteration zones in the Kelâat M'Gouna region using airborne gamma‐ray spectrometry and remote sensing data: mining implications (Eastern Anti‐Atlas, Morocco). Applied Sciences, 12, 957. https://doi.org/10.3390/app12030957.
    [Google Scholar]
  53. Mamouch, Y., Attou, A., Miftah, A., Ouchchen, M., Dadi, B., Moussaid, A. et al. (2023) Aeromagnetic data of the Kelâat M'Gouna inlier (Jbel Saghro, Eastern Anti‐Atlas, Morocco): geotectonic and mining implications. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 197, 104744. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2022.104744.
    [Google Scholar]
  54. Mars, J.C. & Rowan, L.C. (2010) Spectral assessment of new ASTER SWIR surface reflectance data products for spectroscopic mapping of rocks and minerals. Remote Sensing of Environment, 114(9), 2011–2025.
    [Google Scholar]
  55. Masoumi, M., Honarmand, M. & Salimi, A. (2021) Integration of concentration‐area fractal model and relative absorption band depth method for mapping hydrothermal alterations using ASTER data. Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment, 23, 100519.
    [Google Scholar]
  56. Miftah, A., El Azzab, D., Attou, A., Ouchchen, M., Mamouch, Y., Achkouch, L. et al. (2022) Mapping of favourable mining areas in the Tiouit area by multispectral remote sensing and airborne gamma‐ray spectrometry coupled with geochemical data (Eastern Anti‐Atlas, Morocco). Applied Earth Science, 131(3), 149–166.
    [Google Scholar]
  57. Najafi, A., Karimpour, M.H. & Ghaderi, M. (2014) Application of fuzzy AHP method to IOCG prospectivity mapping: a case study in Taherabad prospecting area, eastern Iran. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, 33, 142–154.
    [Google Scholar]
  58. Niyeh, M.M., Jafarirad, A., Karami, J. & Bokani, S.J. (2017) Copper, zinc, and lead mineral prospectivity mapping in the North of Tafresh, Markazi Province, Central Iran, Using the AHP‐OWA method. Open Journal of Geology, 7(04), 533.
    [Google Scholar]
  59. Noori, L., Pour, A.B., Askari, G., Taghipour, N., Pradhan, B., Lee, C.W. et al. (2019) Comparison of different algorithms to map hydrothermal alteration zones using ASTER remote sensing data for polymetallic vein‐type ore exploration: Toroud–Chahshirin Magmatic Belt (TCMB), North Iran. Remote Sensing, 11(5), 495.
    [Google Scholar]
  60. Nykänen, V., Groves, D.I., Ojala, V.J. & Eilu, P., Gardoll, S.J. (2008) Reconnaissance‐scale conceptual fuzzy‐logic prospectivity modelling for iron oxide copper–gold deposits in the northern Fennoscandian Shield, Finland. Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, 55(1), 25–38.
    [Google Scholar]
  61. Ouchchen, M., Boutaleb, S., Abia, E.H., El Azzab, D., Miftah, A., Dadi, B. et al. (2022) Mineral exploration of copper deposits using factor analysis, geochemical mapping prospectivity index, and fractal model (Western Anti‐Atlas, Morocco). Ore Geology Reviews, 143, 104762. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2022.104762.
    [Google Scholar]
  62. Ouchchen, M., Boutaleb, S., El Azzab, D., Abioui, M., Mickus, K.L., Miftah, A. et al. (2021) Structural interpretation of the Igherm region (Western Anti Atlas, Morocco) from an aeromagnetic analysis: implications for copper exploration. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 176, 104140.
    [Google Scholar]
  63. Pour, A.B., Park, Y., Park, T.Y.S., Hong, J.K., Hashim, M., Woo, J. et al. (2018) Regional geology mapping using satellite‐based remote sensing approach in Northern Victoria Land, Antarctica. Polar Science, 16, 23–46.
    [Google Scholar]
  64. Pourghasemi, H.R. & Kerle, N. (2016) Random forests and evidential belief function‐based landslide susceptibility assessment in Western Mazandaran Province, Iran. Environmental Earth Sciences, 75, 1–17.
    [Google Scholar]
  65. Rezaei, S., Lotfi, M., Afzal, P., Jafari, M.R., Meigoony, M.S. & Khalajmasoumi, M. (2015) Investigation of copper and gold prospects using index overlay integration method and multifractal modeling in Saveh 1: 100,000 sheet, Central Iran. Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi, 31, 51–74.
    [Google Scholar]
  66. Riahi, S., Bahroudi, A., Abedi, M., Aslani, S. & Elyasi, G. (2021) Integration of airborne geophysics and satellite imagery data for exploration targeting in porphyry Cu systems: Chahargonbad district, Iran. Geophysical Prospecting, 69(5), 1116–1137.
    [Google Scholar]
  67. Riahi, S., Bahroudi, A., Abedi, M., Aslani, S. & Lentz, D.R. (2022) Evidential data integration to produce porphyry Cu prospectivity map, using a combination of knowledge and data‐driven methods. Geophysical Prospecting, 70(2), 421–437.
    [Google Scholar]
  68. Richards, J.A. (1984) Thematic mapping from multitemporal image data using the principal components transformation. Remote Sensing of Environment, 16(1), 35–46.
    [Google Scholar]
  69. Rouskov, K., Popov, K., Stoykov, S. & Yamaguchi, Y. (2005) Some applications of the remote sensing in geology by using of ASTER images, In: Scientific Conference. “SPACE, ECOLOGY, SAFETY” with International. Participation. pp. 167–173.
  70. Rowan, L.C., Hook, S.J., Abrams, M.J. & Mars, J.C. (2003) Mapping hydrothermally altered rocks at Cuprite, Nevada, using the advanced spaceborne thermal emission and reflection radiometer (ASTER), a new satellite‐imaging system. Economic Geology, 98(5), 1019–1027.
    [Google Scholar]
  71. Rowan, L.C. & Mars, J.C. (2003) Lithologic mapping in the Mountain Pass, California area using advanced spaceborne thermal emission and reflection radiometer (ASTER) data. Remote sensing of Environment, 84(3), 350–366.
    [Google Scholar]
  72. Saaty, T.L. (1977) A scaling method for priorities in hierarchical structures. Journal of Mathematical Psychology, 15(3), 234–281.
    [Google Scholar]
  73. Salehi, T. & Tangestani, M.H. (2020) Per‐pixel analysis of ASTER data for porphyry copper hydrothermal alteration mapping: a case study of NE Isfahan, Iran. Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment, 20, 100377.
    [Google Scholar]
  74. Sekandari, M., Masoumi, I., Pour, A.B., Muslim, A.M., Rahmani, O. et al. (2020a) ASTER and WorldView‐3 satellite data for mapping lithology and alteration minerals associated with Pb‐Zn mineralization. Geocarto International, 37, 1–23.
    [Google Scholar]
  75. Sekandari, M., Masoumi, I., Pour, A.B., Muslim, A.M., Rahmani, O., Hashim, M. et al. (2020b) Application of Landsat‐8, Sentinel‐2, ASTER and WorldView‐3 spectral imagery for exploration of carbonate‐hosted Pb‐Zn deposits in the Central Iranian Terrane (CIT). Remote Sensing, 12(8), 1239.
    [Google Scholar]
  76. Shirmard, H., Farahbakhsh, E., Beiranvand Pour, A., Muslim, A.M., Müller, R.D. & Chandra, R. (2020) Integration of selective dimensionality reduction techniques for mineral exploration using ASTER satellite data. Remote Sensing, 12(8), 1261.
    [Google Scholar]
  77. Singh, A. & Harrison, A. (1985) Standardized principal components. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 6(6), 883–896.
    [Google Scholar]
  78. Smith, W.H.F. & Wessel, P. (1990) Gridding with continuous curvature splines in tension. Geophysics, 55(3), 293–305.
    [Google Scholar]
  79. Soulaimani, A. & Burkhard, M. (2008) The Anti‐Atlas chain (Morocco): the southern margin of the Variscan belt along the edge of the West African Craton. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 297(1), 433–452.
    [Google Scholar]
  80. Tangestani, M.H. & Moore, F. (2001) Comparison of three principal component analysis techniques to porphyry copper alteration mapping: a case study, Meiduk area, Kerman, Iran. Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing, 27(2), 176–182.
    [Google Scholar]
  81. Tuduri, J. (2005) Processus de formation et relations spatio‐temporelles des minéralisations à or et argent en contexte volcanique Précambrien (Jbel Saghro, Anti‐Atlas, Maroc). Implications sur les relations déformation‐magmatisme‐volcanisme‐hydrothermalisme. Orléans, France: Université d'Orléans.
    [Google Scholar]
  82. Veronesi, F., Schito, J., Grassi, S. & Raubal, M. (2017) Automatic selection of weights for GIS‐based multicriteria decision analysis: site selection of transmission towers as a case study. Applied Geography, 83, 78–85.
    [Google Scholar]
  83. Wambo, J.D.T., Pour, A.B., Ganno, S., Asimow, P.D., Zoheir, B., dos Reis Salles, R. et al. (2020) Identifying high potential zones of gold mineralization in a sub‐tropical region using Landsat‐8 and ASTER remote sensing data: a case study of the Ngoura‐Colomines goldfield, eastern Cameroon. Ore Geology Reviews, 122, 103530.
    [Google Scholar]
  84. Yousefi, M. & Carranza, E.J.M. (2016) Data‐driven index overlay and Boolean logic mineral prospectivity modeling in greenfields exploration. Natural Resources Research, 25, 3–18.
    [Google Scholar]
  85. Yousefi, M., Tabatabaei, S.H., Rikhtehgaran, R., Pour, A.B. & Pradhan, B. (2021) Application of Dirichlet process and support vector machine techniques for mapping alteration zones associated with porphyry copper deposit using ASTER remote sensing imagery. Minerals, 11(11), 1235.
    [Google Scholar]
  86. Zadeh, L.A. (1965) ‘Zadeh, fuzzy sets’. Information and Control, 8(3), 338–353.
    [Google Scholar]
  87. Zadeh, L.A., Klir, G.J. & Yuan, B. (1996) Fuzzy sets, fuzzy logic, and fuzzy systems: selected papers (advances in fuzzy systems : applications and theory). World Scientific, 6, 775‐782. https://doi.org/10.1142/2895.
    [Google Scholar]
  88. Zaidi, F.K., Nazzal, Y., Ahmed, I., Naeem, M. & Jafri, M.K. (2015) Identification of potential artificial groundwater recharge zones in Northwestern Saudi Arabia using GIS and Boolean logic. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 111, 156–169.
    [Google Scholar]
  89. Zamyad, M., Afzal, P., Pourkermani, M., Nouri, R. & Jafari, M.R. (2019) Determination of hydrothermal alteration zones using remote sensing methods in Tirka Area, Toroud, NE Iran. Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing, 47(11), 1817–1830.
    [Google Scholar]
  90. Zhang, N., Zhou, K. & Du, X. (2017) Application of fuzzy logic and fuzzy AHP to mineral prospectivity mapping of porphyry and hydrothermal vein copper deposits in the Dananhu‐Tousuquan island arc, Xinjiang, NW China. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 128, 84–96.
    [Google Scholar]
  91. Zhang, X., Pazner, M. & Duke, N. (2007) Lithologic and mineral information extraction for gold exploration using ASTER data in the south Chocolate Mountains (California). ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 62(4), 271–282.
    [Google Scholar]
  92. Zimmermann, H.J. & Zysno, P. (1980) Latent connectives in human decision making. Fuzzy Sets and Systems, 4(1), 37–51.
    [Google Scholar]
/content/journals/10.1111/1365-2478.13376
Loading
/content/journals/10.1111/1365-2478.13376
Loading

Data & Media loading...

  • Article Type: Research Article
Keyword(s): data processing; interpretation; passive method

Most Cited This Month Most Cited RSS feed

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error