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oa 3D Point, Line, Edge and Wedge Diffraction Separation in Kirchhoff Imaging
- European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers
- Source: Geophysical Prospecting, Volume 73, Issue 9, Nov 2025, e70115
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- 21 Apr 2025
- 22 Nov 2025
- 08 Dec 2025
Abstract
Three‐dimensional (3D) diffraction processing aims at superresolution by imaging small‐scale geological features of the subsurface localized as points and space curves. In analogy to the (anti‐) stationary phase filtering, we separate images of points from images of lines by weighting the Kirchhoff migration. In addition to the deviation from the specularity and Snell's law, the new summation weights verify the conformity of seismic traces to Keller's law of edge diffraction. In addition to that, the configuration of the reflectors determines the diffraction phase reversal pattern specific to isolated lines, edges and wedges. To counteract the summation of the opposite phases in 3D, we provide extra alternating factors for edge and wedge diffraction. All these weights require local orientation of diffractors and reflectors, which we simultaneously retrieve from the full‐wave image by a modification of the slant‐stack search. Synthetic examples show the benefits of the proposed techniques.
