1887
Volume 35, Issue 4
  • E-ISSN: 1365-2117
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Abstract

[Abstract

Source‐to‐sink studies typically utilize the sedimentary record preserved in basins to infer source area parameters such as estimates of drainage area and discharges of fluvial systems in the hinterland, the characterization of which remains elusive as few geomorphic elements of the hinterland are preserved. Clastic wedges within foreland basin settings often contain fluvial deposits, and the scale of fluvial architectural elements can be used to estimate drainage area and discharge within the accreted hinterland. This study uses thicknesses of fluvial architectural elements within the Late Ordovician Taconic, the Late Devonian‐Early Mississippian Acadian, and the Late Mississippian to Early and Middle Pennsylvanian Alleghanian clastic wedges, together with climatic conditions interpreted from palaeosol data, to estimate the drainage areas and discharges of the river systems which drained the hinterlands of the accreted Taconic and Acadian terrains and the Alleghanian suture of Laurentia and Gondwana. Published detrital zircon age spectra provide insight into ages of source areas of sediments as well as the timing of terrane accretion. The increase in hinterland drainage areas calculated for Late Devonian Acadian Orogeny river systems compared to Late Ordovician Taconic Orogeny river systems can be attributed to the increase in size of accreted terranes to the east of the foreland basins during that period of time. The decrease in hinterland drainage area from the Late Devonian Acadian Orogeny to the Middle to Late Pennsylvanian Alleghanian Orogeny is attributed to the westward migration of the drainage divide as the Alleghanian orogeny proceeded. It is inferred that the drainage divide migrated towards the drier leeward side of the mountain range and caused drainage basins to shrink and split into smaller drainage basins.

,

Fluvial architecture in Palaeozoic foreland basins in the Appalachians is used to reconstruct drainage evolution and, thereby, provides insights on progressive terrane accretion in the hinterland. Drainage basins increased in size from the Late Ordovician (Taconic) to Late Devonian (Acadian) then decreased in size in the Pennsylvanian (Alleghanian).

]
Basin Research © 2023 John Wiley & Sons Ltd, European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers and International Association of Sedimentologists © 2023 The Authors. Basin Research published by International Association of Sedimentologists and European Association of Geoscientists and Engineers and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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/content/journals/10.1111/bre.12764
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Drainage area estimates for synorogenic clastic wedges in the Central Appalachian Basin (sink) with implications for terrane accretion in the hinterland (source)
Basin Research 35, 1530 (2023); https://doi.org/10.1111/bre.12764
/content/journals/10.1111/bre.12764
/content/journals/10.1111/bre.12764
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  • Article Type: Research Article
Keyword(s): drainage basin reconstruction; fluvial architecture; source‐to sink‐analysis; terrane accretion

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