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Volume 35, Issue 6
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Abstract

[

Updated Early Cretaceous configuration of south‐western Gondwana (base plate model after Müller et al., 2019) including the distribution of crustal types in the Falkland Plateau Basin (FPB). Black lines—faults; red lines—dykes; double red line and double arrows—oceanic ridge and spreading direction; grey lines—extent of Chon Aike and Karoo—Dronning Maud Land—Ferrar volcanics. Question marks in the FPB oceanic domain mark its uncertain southern extent and relation to the Weddell Sea oceanic crust. Brown shades mark the interpreted intruded and underplated continental crust in the FPB. EANT, East Antarctica; FB, Fitzroy sub‐basin; FPB, Falkland Plateau Basin; MB, Malvinas Basin; MEB, Maurice Ewing Bank; NFB, North Falkland Basin; NSR, North Scotia Ridge; NWMP, Northern Weddell Magnetic Province; OB, Outeniqua Basin; oc. c., oceanic crust; SDR, seaward dipping reflectors; SJB, San Julian Basin; SJoB, San Jorge Basin; VB, Volunteer sub‐basin. NWMP from Jordan et al. (2017); East Antarctica dykes after Curtis et al. (2008); Patagonia dykes after Rapalini and Lopez de Luchi (2000); Falkland Islands onshore dykes after Stone et al. (2009); SNFB and NFB faults after Lohr and Underhill (2015) and Stanca et al. (2019); FB and VB dykes and faults after Stanca et al. (2021); South America fault network after Lovecchio et al. (2019); Karoo lavas extent after Jourdan et al. (2007); Chon Aike lavas extent after Bouhier et al. (2017); DML‐Ferrar lavas extent after Elliot (1992) and Elliot et al. (1999); Outeniqua Basin fault network after Paton et al. (2006) and Parsiegla et al. (2009).

, Abstract

Continental break‐up can be oftentimes associated with intracontinental wrenching that can lead to the generation of transform margins and transform marginal plateaus. The wrenching phase can be accompanied by complicated processes, which result in heterogeneous structural and crustal architectures. This makes understanding the evolution of such tectonic settings challenging. The Falkland Plateau is an example of a transform marginal plateau where regional wrenching accompanied the incipient stages of Gondwanan continental break‐up to result in a mosaic of crustal types underlying its largest basin: the Falkland Plateau Basin (FPB). The uncertainties in crustal boundaries have led to several models for the evolution of the plateau, which hinder the development of a reliable plate reconstruction of Southern Gondwana. We integrate seismic reflection, gravity and magnetic data to propose an updated crustal architecture of the FPB. The results show that extended continental crust underlies the basin in the west and north. The eastern and central parts consist of a juxtaposition of intruded and underplated continental crust which transitions southwards to a thick oceanic domain. The basin is crosscut by three main NE–SW trending shear zones which facilitated the development of the contrasting crustal and structural domains interpreted across the plateau. This integrated reassessment of the FPB provides new insights into the tectonic evolution of the plateau, the deformation associated with wrenching and transform margin formation and our understanding of the tectono‐stratigraphic evolution of such areas.

]
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/content/journals/10.1111/bre.12800
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The heterogeneous crustal architecture of the Falkland Plateau Basin
Basin Research 35, 2328 (2023); https://doi.org/10.1111/bre.12800
/content/journals/10.1111/bre.12800
/content/journals/10.1111/bre.12800
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  • Article Type: Research Article
Keyword(s): crustal architecture; Falkland Plateau Basin

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