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Volume 36, Issue 1
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Abstract

[Abstract

The syn‐rift architecture of extensional basins records deposition from and interactions between footwall‐, hangingwall‐, and axially‐derived systems. However, the exact controls on their relative contributions and the overall variable depositional architecture, and how their sediment volume varies through time, remains understudied. We undertook a quantitative approach to determine temporal and spatial changes in the contribution of fault‐scarp degradation to the syn‐rift tectono‐stratigraphic development of the Thebe‐0 fault system on the Exmouth Plateau (NW Shelf, offshore Australia), using high‐quality 3D seismic reflection and boreholes data. The magnitude of footwall erosion was measured in terms of vertical (VE) and headward (HE) erosion by calculating the volume of eroded material along the footwall scarp. A detailed seismic‐stratigraphic and facies analysis allowed us to constrain the architectural variability of the hangingwall depositional systems and the types of resulting deposits (i.e., fault‐controlled base‐of‐scarp, settling from suspension, and hangingwall‐derived). After addressing the syn‐rift tectono‐stratigraphic framework, we suggest that periods of significant erosion along the Thebe‐0 fault scarp are related to the accumulation of fault‐controlled base‐of‐scarp deposits characterised by comprising a lower wedge with chaotic to low‐continuity reflections. Footwall‐derived deposits characterised by an upward decrease in stratigraphic dip are interpreted as related to periods of reduced fault activity and sustained sediment delivery sourced from the footwall scarp and systems beyond it (e.g., antecedent systems). We then analysed the tectono‐stratigraphic framework and the volumetric comparison between material eroded from the fault‐scarp and accumulated in the basin, aiming to estimate the contribution of fault‐scarp degradation to the hangingwall syn‐rift fill. Our results suggest periods of enhanced fault activity control fault‐scarp degradation variability through time, and we agree with that described by previous researchers—fault throw variability along‐strike regulates the variability in the magnitude of erosion. However, we propose that fault‐scarp degradation timing and its spatial variability are also influenced by the interaction and linkage with adjacent normal faults and by sea level variations. Lastly, we determine broader similarities and differences with a system located in the same fault array (i.e., Thebe‐2 fault system), aiming to give insights into the tectono‐stratigraphic evolution of a broader area and the spatial variability in fault‐scarp degradation.

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3D view of the Thebe‐0 fault system. The top pre‐rift surface (TR30.1TS) is displayed to reveal the fault system geometry. Two seismic profiles are displayed oriented perpendicular to the fault and showing the hanging wall syn‐rift interval of interest (latest Triassic to Early Cretaceous). The studied fault‐scarp degradation complex extension is shaded in brown.

]
Basin Research © 2024 John Wiley & Sons Ltd, European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers and International Association of Sedimentologists © 2024 The Authors. Basin Research published by International Association of Sedimentologists and European Association of Geoscientists and Engineers and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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2024-01-18
2025-05-13

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/content/journals/10.1111/bre.12842
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Syn‐rift tectono‐stratigraphic development of the Thebe‐0 fault system, Exmouth Plateau, offshore NW Australia: The role of fault‐scarp degradation
Basin Research 36, e12842 (2024); https://doi.org/10.1111/bre.12842
/content/journals/10.1111/bre.12842
/content/journals/10.1111/bre.12842
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  • Article Type: Research Article
Keyword(s): fault‐controlled base‐of‐scarp deposits; fault‐scarp degradation; quantitative approach; syn‐rift stratigraphic architecture

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