1887
Volume 38, Issue 1
  • E-ISSN: 1365-2117
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Abstract

[

Sediment pathways from source to sink: Organic and clastic sediments are stored and transformed during floodplain transport and deposition, with transport modes shaping signal transmission and sediment alteration.

, ABSTRACT

Analysis of naturally occurring markers of environmental signals, or proxy analysis, in sedimentary records can yield valuable insights into the geologic past. However, these proxies may be altered between sediment source and sink by selective gain, loss, or transformation of individual organic or inorganic components. To aid interpretation of sedimentary proxies, we must understand physical and chemical processes occurring during transit. We track the provenance and transformation of two commonly used proxies, long‐chain ‐alkanes and heavy minerals, between source and sink along the Río Bermejo, a lowland alluvial river without significant tributaries or distributaries, traversing the east Andean foreland basin. Our sampling strategy allowed determining the sediment input signal and isolating the effects of long‐range transport and transient floodplain storage. Fine‐grained sediments present in the suspended load and deposited in floodplains show heavy Calkane δ2H values compared to channel bed sediment. Heavy Calkane δ2H values indicate that organic matter in suspended and deposited sediments was sourced from low elevations, while light Calkane δ2H values indicate upland sources for the bed sediment. These data suggest that organic matter proxies in finer sediment are overprinted during transient floodplain storage, while organic matter travelling near the river bed is transferred downstream efficiently without significant recycling. Meanwhile, a negative correlation of Zircon‐Tourmaline‐Rutile index and corroded grains of all samples indicates progressive weathering of silicate minerals during transient foreland sediment storage. In particular, sediment deposited on the floodplain is depleted in clinopyroxenes and amphiboles compared to suspended sediment. Combining the physical and chemical characteristics of organic and inorganic proxies can help isolate source area fingerprints and identify the effects of lowland fluvial transit on sedimentary records. This improves our understanding of how source‐to‐sink processes influence the preservation of proxy signals, their transfer into the stratigraphic record, and the potential impacts of flood basin sediment storage on biogeochemical cycles.

, Highlights

  • Sediment transport modes (e.g., bedload, suspension, intermittent deposition) have different effects on the preservation and alteration of source signals in organic and clastic proxies.
  • Suspendable sediments undergo weathering and organic matter replacement during transient floodplain storage.
  • Bed sediments are transferred rapidly, without intermittent storage on the floodplain.
  • Combined analyses of heavy minerals and long‐chain ‐alkanes can be used to distinguish between source and transit effects on sedimentary proxies.

]
Basin Research © 2026 John Wiley & Sons Ltd, European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers and International Association of Sedimentologists © 2026 The Author(s). Basin Research published by International Association of Sedimentologists and European Association of Geoscientists and Engineers and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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Deconvolving the Effects of Fluvial Transit and Storage on Preservation of Sedimentary Source Signals Using Heavy Minerals and Terrestrial Biomarkers
Basin Research 38, e70086 (2026); https://doi.org/10.1111/bre.70086
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