1887
Volume 38, Issue 1
  • E-ISSN: 1365-2117

Abstract

[ABSTRACT

Shelf‐edge evolution in tectonically active basins reflects complex interactions between structural deformation, sea‐level change and sedimentary processes. This study investigates Middle Miocene clinoform successions (14.00–12.50 Ma) in the southwestern Ulleung Basin, East Sea, using 3D seismic data to examine how erosional processes modulate structurally‐controlled shelf‐edge migration patterns. Eight clinothems were identified, showing cyclic alternations between sigmoidal types (ascending trajectories) and thin‐top sigmoidal/oblique types (flat‐to‐descending trajectories), possibly reflecting high‐frequency relative sea‐level cycles (4th–5th order). A reverse fault system in the southeast of the study area (DS A) formed monocline structure that created differential accommodation along the shelf margin. The structure caused reduced accommodation space favouring oblique clinothems in the uplifted proximal area and maintained more space resulting in thin‐top sigmoidal clinothems distally. Conventional tectono‐stratigraphic models often predict that such uplift enhances shelf‐edge progradation, producing arcuate shelf‐edge geometry in map view. However, shelf‐edge migration remained relatively linear without enhanced shelf‐edge migration toward the reverse fault system, contradicting these established models. The interaction between the structural deformation and erosional processes on the shelf margins explains these shelf‐edge behaviours. The structural deformation (DS A) that controlled clinoform type variation also induced slope oversteepening that promoted erosional features at shelf margins within 20 km of this structure. These erosional depressions formed atop sigmoidal clinothems during early stage of sea‐level fall, creating additional accommodation at the shelf margin that moderated shelf‐edge advance. This ‘erosional modulation’ process represents a compensatory mechanism where uplift‐induced oversteepening creates preferential erosion sites that generate offsetting accommodation, preventing the expected translation of structural deformation into margin architecture. The recurrence of this process across multiple stratigraphic cycles suggests that erosional modulation operates as a persistent architectural control rather than independent random events. These findings provide new insights into how erosional processes can modulate shelf‐edge evolution, particularly in tectonically active settings, complementing traditional models that assume direct translation of structural deformation into margin architecture.

,

Three scenarios comparing shelf‐edge migration under eustatic control (A), combined eustatic‐uplift control (B) and eustatic‐uplift control with erosional modulation (C). Erosion generates additional accommodation at uplifted areas, moderating the influence of tectonic uplift and modulating along‐strike variability in shelf‐edge migration.

, Highlights

  • Cyclic alternations of sigmoidal and thin‐top sigmoidal/oblique clinothems possibly reflect high‐frequency sea‐level cycles.
  • Structural uplift created differential accommodation along strike but shelf‐edge migration remained unexpectedly uniform.
  • Erosional features consistently developed within 20 km of active structures atop sigmoidal clinothems.
  • ‘Erosional modulation’ compensated for uplift‐induced accommodation loss through topographic depression creation.
  • Systematic erosion‐accommodation compensation moderates tectonic influence on shelf‐edge evolution across multiple sea‐level cycles.

]
Basin Research © 2026 John Wiley & Sons Ltd, European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers and International Association of Sedimentologists © 2026 International Association of Sedimentologists and European Association of Geoscientists and Engineers and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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2026-03-09

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Erosional Modulation of Tectonically‐Controlled Shelf‐Edge Migration: Insights From Middle Miocene Clinoform Successions, Ulleung Basin, East Sea (Japan Sea), Korea
Basin Research 38, e70090 (2026); https://doi.org/10.1111/bre.70090
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  • Article Type: Research Article
Keyword(s): along‐strike variability; clinoform; erosional feature; sequence stratigraphy; shelf‐edge migration; tectonic uplift

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