Integration of digital outcrop models (DOMs) and high resolution sedimentology – workflow and implications for geological modelling: Oukaimeden Sandstone Formation, High Atlas (Morocco)

Outcrop analogue studies provide key information for reservoir modelling which is difficult to obtain from traditional subsurface datasets (i.e. seismic data, well data). Terrestrial laser scanners or LiDAR (light detection and ranging), combined with digital photography, provide a new technique to create high resolution 3D digital outcrop models (DOMs). These DOMs generate exhaustive information which is used to build more realistic three-dimensional facies-based geocellular models and populate the different model zones.

This paper documents the use of an extensive dataset, which combines high resolution traditional field data and DOMs. We provide an accurate description of the workflow followed in the geocellular modelling of a fluvial-dominated continental formation. Geocellular facies association and connectivity models are well constrained by outcrop observations and a number of different techniques are used in the quality control of the final model. The study also qualitatively discusses the uncertainties identified during the workflow and proposes methods to reduce them. The workflow and results shown in this paper can be applied in similar analogue systems in order to help improve model building for subsurface reservoirs.