Accurate Imaging of Surface Seismic Data Without a Velocity Model

We present a method for imaging surface seismic data that<br>does not depend on a background velocity model. Instead of<br>computing Green’s functions in a background model, we use<br>direct measurements from VSP data as Green’s functions for<br>the migration. These Green’s functions will have all<br>propagation effects intrinsically in the measurement: including<br>all arrivals and all kinematic and dynamic effects caused by<br>anisotropy and absorption. The VSP Green’s functions can be<br>used in a standard migration scheme for surface seismic that<br>enables us to create a robust image of the sub-surface.