Mapping the uprising of highly mineralized waters occurring along a fault zone in the Oltrepò Pavese plain upper aquifers (Northern Italy) using VLF-EM survey

The Oltrepò Pavese plain (Northern Italy) is characterized by the uprising of highly mineralised<br>waters from the marine substrate. These Na-Cl rich waters mix with the shallow groundwater and<br>pollute them, thus preventing their use. This phenomenon is connected to the presence of the<br>“Vogherese Fault”, a buried tectonic discontinuity along which the saline waters are distributed. A VLFEM<br>survey, carried out along the “Vogherese Fault”, indicates that the uprise of highly mineralised<br>waters produces high electrical conductivity anomalies where the marine substrate is shallower.