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Abstract

The lineaments have been determined for the North-East of the European platform (the Timan-Pechora oil-gas-bearing province) using remote sensing data. The obtained data were combined with the geological-geophysical information into the geoinformation system for further processing and analysis. GIS technologies allows integrating all the variety of available data on the structures into a uniform system and enables carrying out of researches in the view of all possible data (DeMers Michael, 1999).<br>The work used space images taken by satellites Landsat-7, which provided imaging of the Earth’s surface with application of six channels with resolution 30 meters, and one IR-channel with the resolution 60 meters with simultaneous panochromatic imaging with resolution 15 m. The width of the review for all channels made 185 km. The data were geopositioned in Gauss-Kruger projection on Krasovsky ellipsoid in the system of coordinates SK-42, the tenth zone. Then rectilinear sites (lineaments) were determined by the elements of landscape. Lineaments are generally understood as linear heterogeneities of the earth's crust and lithosphere. They can be of a various rank, extent and depth. They can develop on surface directly or as geological and landscape anomalies. Lineaments are caused by latent breaks of basement, fracture zones in sediments, etc. Lineaments and lineament zones are zones (channels) of the raised permeability of the Earth's crust. They serve as transiting ways for solutions and gases, which generally possess higher temperature in comparison to the surface of the Earth (Kats Y.G., 1986). Also in fracture zones, especially sedimentary basins, the fluid system is constantly present and redistributed. It results in intensive deformations in fracture zones, and, hence, in their expression in the landscape attributes reflected on space images in the form of lineaments (Kuzmin Y.O., 2004). Therefore, the shape of lineaments on space images is a generalized reflection on the surface of both deformations and fluid mode of near-surface areas of the Earth's crust. Lineaments are possible to divide into several types by their extent: transcontinental, transregional, regional, local. Lineaments, resulted from various discontinuous dislocations, have characteristic features.<br>Faults result from stretching of the Earth's crust, incline toward deeper rocks. Lineaments, formed by the given type of dislocation, are characterized by linearity, frequently with offsets, which divide blocks with various geological structure and type of relief.<br>Thrusts are a little bent, round and formed as a result of literal compression. Shears are characterized by horizontal displacement of rocks. Lineaments near them are developed along unidirectional curvatures of riverbeds, slopes, watersheds and other various forms of relief. Overthrusts are resulted from longitudinal compression with formation of folds. Lineaments in this case are developed in the form of complex scalloped pattern of displaced masses. The form of the lineaments, their pattern can help to define kinematic and geodynamic conditions of formations of faults and conditions of their formation. The intensity and width of lineaments depend on the depth of occurrence of a fault and its activity. The account of all these data by the form, sizes, intensity allows considering faults and geodynamic conditions of the studied area.

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/content/papers/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.251.102
2011-07-03
2024-03-28
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