QC and Processing Requirements for 4D Seismic Projects

Whilst the parameterization of the acquisition phase of 4D (time lapse) seismic surveys has rapidly become well established, the complexities of the parameterization for the data processing stage are far less established. We discuss robust strategies for the planning, execution and quality control (QC) of 4D surveys. Several case examples demonstrate that<br>4D QC is the critical element of all stages of 4D projects. To be successful, 4D QC must be pursued as a seamless integration of all the project elements, ideally within a visualization system capable of interactive and "real time" dialogue with those project elements. If the QC<br>of the 4D acquisition is managed in real time it will be possible to isolate and address each acquisition contribution to the 4D reservoir signal during processing. If the QC of the 4D processing is managed in the same visualization system it will also be possible to isolate and address each processing contribution to the 4D reservoir signal, and it will be possible for project members from all disciplines to work effectively together. All elements of the final data product can then be completely understood, enabling the construction of quantitatively accurate and robust reservoir models for use in reservoir simulation and management projects.