oa A Hybrid Wave Equation Datuming and Kirchhoff PSDM Solution for Accurate Onshore Seismic Imaging

In the presence of complex structuring, wave equation migration (WEM) usually produces more accurate subsurface images than the ray-based methods, such as the Kirchhoff migration, but it is also computationally more expensive. Most onshore exploration targets in the Middle East are overlaid by complex geology in the near-surface. This complex near-surface remains one of the biggest challenges in onshore seismic data processing, and if it is not handled properly, poor imaging caused by wavefield distortion can mask the deeper targets.