1887

Abstract

Antennas used in ground penetrating radar systems transmit and receive electromagnetic energy over very wide antenna patterns. The typical result observed in a two-dimensional radar image over a point scatterer is the characteristic hyperbola as the radar pulse is reflected from the scatterer both before and after the antenna has passed over the point. With the point scatterer arbitrarily located in three-dimensional space, the resultant radar hyperbola is actually a section from a quadric conic surface. Simply modeling these surfaces to compute the section of the cone intersected by the radar image allows location of scatterers nearby but out of the plane of the radar image. This allows location of subsurface features that the radar antenna may not be able to pass directly over and image because of physical or logistical constraints. Location solutions are only unique when the same scatterer is observed in multiple parallel or perpendicular images. Knowledge of the possible existence of such out-of-plane features should be considered when interpreting or performing velocity migrations on two-dimensional ground penetrating radar images. In three-dimensional investigations, such modeling can be much less compute-intensive than either 2D or 3D migration and allow location of features that are outside the volume surveyed.

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/content/papers/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.300.11
1994-06-12
2024-03-28
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