Applications of Bio and Nanotechnologies in the Oil and Gas Industry, Recent Progress, Applications of Composition Deflecting Flow for Increasing Oil Recovery

The efficiency of oil extraction from oil-containing reservoir is unsatisfactory all over the world. The average oil recovery among different countries is from 25 to 40%. Unrecoverable oil resources reaches up to 70% from the geological oil reserves. Besides it should be noted that major oil fields of the oil-producing country, including certainly Russia, move to the late stage of development, characterized by a passive increase in water cut and decrease of oil production. However, the oil reserves in the fields with water cut over 90% at the late stage are formidable. Therefore creating of new extracting technologies is an actual problem nowadays. For example nanoparticles with noticeable alteration in optical, magnetic, and electrical properties compared to their bulk counterparts, are excellent tools for the development of sensors and the formation of imaging contrast agents. Nanosensors deployed in the pore space by means of «nanodust» can provide data on reservoir characterization, fluid-flow monitoring, and fluid-type recognition. As for production nanomaterials-based solutions can contend with corrosive impurities, high temperatures and pressures, shock loads, abrasion, and other hostile environmental conditions. Drilling equipment and platforms can be made or coated with nanomaterials for improved corrosion-resistance, wear-resistance, shock-resistance, and enhanced thermal conductivity.