f Rehabilitation of Crude Oil Contaminated Areas and Waste Disposal

Various types of waste ocur as a resuls of Hydrocarbon exploration, drilling and production activities. One of the waste type resulting from these activities is crude oil contaminated waste. It is often considered as hazardous waste crude oil contaminated waste and is able to cause environmental pollution by effecting water soil, air. Crude oil contaminated wastes are petroleum contaminated soil, packaging materials, absorbents, wiping cloths and protective clothes. It is necessary for these types of wastes disposal in order to prevent damaging to the environment. Soil pollution occurs as a result of petrolleum spilling due to the problems that occur during crude oil, of which hazardous waste type, production and transportation with pipelines. One method for removal of oil contaminated soil is the elimination with the application of “Bioremediation Process” used widely by means of TPAO and also other international companies. Bioremediation which is a method of biological treatment of natural microorganisms using the hazardous waste, is defined as a reduction of less toxic or nontoxic compounds. One of the most important factors of soil rehabilitation is to provide in-situ bioremediation application. Cellulose fibers obtained from recycled processes and bioremediation products comprising nitrogen and phosphorous components that are necessary for he survival of those bacteries exist in the sport even thoguh there are groups of bacteria in the product. Those bacteries being in contact with water and hydrocarbon divide and increase rapidly. Adsorbed hydrocarbon waste (activities of bacteria) converts to the completely harmless bioenergy by means of bioremidetation process in 90-240 days. One of the another method used for soil rehabilitation and used by means of TPAO is notralization-stabilization. In this method, contaminated soil is rehabiltated with the certain portion of ash, clay, lime, soil or cement, which is determined according to petroleum content. In addition to two methods, mentioned above, packaging materials, wiping cloths and protective clothes, and so on disposed in mobile incineration systems (waste incinerator) located at the activity areas.