Electrokinetic Multiples - A Synthetic Example

A modeling study is carried out to analyze the effects of a shallow water layer above a deep reservoir layer in an electrokinetic experiment. The presence of the water layer not only generates primary converted events, but also several other events, which can be seen as multiples. Theses multiple events mainly depend on the discontinuities in the elastic earth parameters. The strength of those multiple events can be much larger than the strength of the primary converted events at the reservoir interfaces, depending on the depth difference between the water layer and the reservoir layer.<br>