Seismic attenuation due to wave induced fluid flow in heterogeneous reservoirs

One major cause of the attenuation and dispersion of elastic waves in porous fluid-saturated rock is the wave-induced flow. It refers to the flow of fluid which occurs when a passing wave sets up localized pressure gradients between regions of rock having different compliances. This can occur when a rock contains heterogeneities in mineral grains, porosity, permeability, and/or saturating fluid.