f VLF-R-and EM-31-measurements at three closed landfills in Western Finland

The objective of the study was to clarify if it is possible by means of the electro-magnetical methods to detect contaminants at three closed landfills situated on groundwater areas and thus decrease the amount of groundwater pipes and samples needed for investigation. This would also affect the costs of the research on these sites. The main purpose of this kind of research is to get enough information to improve planning of the remediation of contaminated sites.