The Bedrock in Refraction Seismics as an Inhomogeneous Medium with Vetocity Gradient

Seismic methods have recently been used more and more frequently for studying shallow parts of subsurface media. Their application is increasing in the prospecting for some raw material deposits, in engineering geology and in hydrogeological investigations as well. They have been applied to determine the overburden thickness and the degree of subsurface fracturing of individual rock blocks as well as to study the extent and quality of quarry-stone deposits etc.