Spatial Up-Scaling of Isotropic Laboratory-Scale Geomechanical Parameters Resulting in Large-Scale Anisotropy in Layered Subsurfaces

In many cases, the mechanical behaviour of formations in situ is quite different from the behaviour observed in the laboratory when doing rock mechanical investigations on cores. If such a difference is the case, the laboratory data cannot be used in a finite element model for geomechanical analyses on large spatial stales.