f Planning 3D seismic surveys using ray tracing on structural models

The explorationist must select 3D acquisition parameters that will best image the subsurface target objectives for each potential prospect. The usual starting point in parameter selection is to derive acquisition geometries based on a planer earth model with no dip or with constant dip. It has been found, through ray trace modeling, that acquisition parameters derived this way will not always meet the needed exploration objectives when dealing with a complex geologic structure. In examining numerous cases, complex geological structures scatter the primary reflections in such a manner that what is thought to be imaged and what is "truly" imaged are usually quite different. The explorationist must include, as part of the parameter selection list, the location, orientation, and size of survey that will best image the subsurface objectives in complex geologic settings.