Reconstruction of Archaeological Fortified Settlements of Southern Ural Mountains, of a Bronze Age on the Magnetic Data

Geophysical researches were carried out on archaeological sites of the Bronze Age fortified settlements Konopljanka and Olgino in the Southern Ural Mountains of Russia. Settlements measured 100 x 120 m (Olgino) and 80 x 140 m (Konopljanka), and was protected by defensive walls. This paper presents the results of the detailed magnetic survey of the fortified settlements Olgino and Konopljanka. Measurements were carried out with two proton gradiometers and one cesium vapor gradiometer on preliminary spaced network of 0.5 х 0.5 m. As a result of survey the maps of an anomalous magnetic field were created where following features were allocated: the wall with a ditch, remains of walls of separate dwelling, the furnace and waste pits, and were carried out reconstruction both settlements. A qualitative and quantitative interpretations of the magnetic anomalies inside the settlements were made, the results has allowed pointing out the individual elements of the fortifications and outbuildings. The depth has been defined for the sources of anomalies; such anomalies can be created by copper smelting furnaces.