1887

Abstract

Summary

Calculating the normal incidence reflection responses of a stack of layers representing Utsira reservoir, we show that the seismic amplitudes are strongly affected by the partial saturation of CO2 and brine in the high porosity sandstone layers. The anelasticity in these layers are taken into account using advanced rock physics models featuring uniform or patchy saturation. The difference in amplitude of the reflection response is significant between a stack of layers consisting of purely elastic layers and an equivalent stack of layers consisting of anelastic sands (partially saturated in brine and CO2) and thin elastic shales. We conclude that neglecting partial saturation effects can be problematic when interpreting quantitatively seismic amplitudes using AVO or spectral decomposition methods.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/papers/10.3997/2214-4609.201701318
2017-06-12
2024-04-20
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

References

  1. Batzle, M. and Wang, Z.
    (1992). Seismic properties of pore fluids. Geophysics, 57(11):1396–1408.
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Furre, A.-K., Kir, A., and Eiken, O.
    (2015). CO2-induced seismic time shifts at Sleipner. Interpretation, 3(3):SS23–SS35.
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Brie, A., Pampuri, F., Marsala, A., and Meazza, O.
    (1995). Shear sonic interpretation in gas-bearing sands. SPE Annual Technical Conf. 30595, pages 701–710.
    [Google Scholar]
  4. BuddensiekM.L., SturtonS. and DillenM.
    (2010). AVO analysis of thin layers - Applications to CO2 storage at Sleipner. In 72nd EAGE Conference and Exhibition incorporating SPE EUROPEC 2010.
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Chadwick, A., Williams, G., Delepine, N., Clochard, V., Labat, K., Sturton, S., Buddensiek, M.-L., Dillen, M., Nickel, M., Lima, A.-L., Arts, R., Neele, F., and Rossi, G.
    (2010). Quantitative analysis of time-lapse seismic monitoring data at the Sleipner CO2 storage operation. The Leading Edge, 29(2):170–177.
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Chadwick, R., Zweigel, P., Gregersen, U., Kirby, G., Holloway, S., and Johannessen, P.
    (2004). Geological reservoir characterization of a CO2 storage site: The Utsira sand, Sleipner, northern North Sea. Energy, 29(9–10): 1371–1381. 6th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies.
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Chadwick, R., Arts, R., and Eiken, O.
    (2005). 4D seismic quantification of a growing CO2 plume at Sleipner, North Sea. In Geological Society, London, Petroleum Geology Conference series, volume 6, pages 1385–1399. Geological Society of London.
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Dupuy, B. and Stovas, A.
    (2016). Effect of anelastic patchy saturated sand layers on the reflection and transmission responses of a periodically layered medium. Geophysical Prospecting, 64:299–319.
    [Google Scholar]
  9. FurreA-K., KiærA. and EikenO.
    (2015). CO2-induced seismic time shifts at Sleipner. Interpretation, 3(3):SS23–SS35.
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Lindeberg, E.
    (2013). Calculation of thermodynamic properties of CO2, CH4, H2O and their mixtures also including salt with the Excel macro CO2 Thermodynamics. SINTEFreport.
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Pride, S., Berryman, J., and Harris, J.
    (2004). Seismic attenuation due to wave-induced flow. Journal of Geophysical Research, 109(B01201):1–19.
    [Google Scholar]
  12. RavazzoliC. and GomezJ.
    (2014). CO2 sequestration and valorization, chapter Seismic reflectivity in carbon dioxide accumulations: A review. InTech, 2014.
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Rubino, J. and Velis, D.
    (2009). Thin-bed pre stack spectral inversion. Geophysics, 74(4):R49–R57.
    [Google Scholar]
  14. (2011). Seismic characterization of thin beds containing patchy carbon dioxide-brine distributions: a study based on numerical simulations. Geophysics, 76(3):R57–R67.
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Rubino, J. G., Velis, D. R., and Sacchi, M. D.
    (2011). Numerical analysis of wave-induced fluid flow effects on seismic data: Application to monitoring of CO2 storage at the Sleipner field. Journal of Geophysical Research, 116.
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Stovas, A. and Ursin, B.
    (2007). Equivalent time-average and effective medium for periodic layers. Geophysical Prospecting, 55:871–882.
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Teja, A. and Rice, P.
    (1981). Generalized corresponding states method for viscosities of liquid mixtures. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Fundamentals, 20:77–81.
    [Google Scholar]
  18. WilliamsG. and ChadwickA.
    (2012). Quantitative seismic analysis of a thin layer of CO2 in the sleipner injection plume. Geophysics, 77(6):R245–R256.
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/papers/10.3997/2214-4609.201701318
Loading
/content/papers/10.3997/2214-4609.201701318
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error