1887
  1. Home
  2. Conferences
  3. Conference Proceedings
  4. ECMOR XVII
  5. Conference paper

Abstract

Summary

Simulation of unstable subsurface CO2 migration is challenging not only because of the accompanying thermal-hydraulic-mechanical-chemical processes, but also because the interaction of the plume with geometrically complex geologic structures (e.g., faults and fractures) has to be resolved across a broad range of spatiotemporal scales. To address these challenges, we present a new hybrid finite element – finite volume simulator (ACGSS) for fully unstructured finite element meshes, including discrete representations of wells and intersecting faults. This compositional multi-phase multi-component transport scheme allows to model reactive miscible flow transport, phase transitions (e.g., CO2 dissolution, H2O evaporation and salt precipitation) and inter-phase mass transfer during CO2 geo-sequestration. Critical for its performance is an asynchronous evolution scheme, following the idea of discrete event simulation (DES). This method restricts diagnostics, phase equilibria and transport computations to those small subregions of the model where changes are occurring, resolving these accurately across temporal and spatial scales. In conjunction with parallelisation, this accelerates computation significantly, also making it more robust. Accurate compositional simulation required us to apply the asynchronous method to both the pressure and the saturation equations. This led to a genuinely new simulator. The ACGSS is applied to a complex 3D fault model, which consists of a sequence of sandstone and shale layers, intersected by multiple faults. This model was produced from a 3D medical scan of a sand-box experiment, which was converted into a finite element mesh using GoCAD and the RINGMesh software and populated with plausible properties. The adaptively refined mesh represent every detail of the intricate model geometry. In the example simulation (CO2 injected at 0.2 Mt/yr through a vertical 15-m long completion in lowest siltstone layer of graben structure), the CO2 rises up through the faults from block to block until it reaches the unfaulted topmost sandstone unit. This occurs in less than 3 years although the faults are modelled as thin (0.5-m wide) and only moderately permeable (k=5 × 10-14 m2) structures. Thanks to the asynchronous time-marching, the 3-year simulation on the >9 million cell grid, completes within several hours on a 20-core desktop PC. A sensitivity analysis to burial depth and geologic parameters is included in the paper and presentation.

© EAGE Publications BV
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/papers/10.3997/2214-4609.202035016
2020-09-14
2024-04-19

  • From This Site

    /content/papers/10.3997/2214-4609.202035016
    dcterms_title,dcterms_subject,pub_keyword
    -contentType:Journal -contentType:Contributor -contentType:Concept -contentType:Institution
    10
    5
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

References

  1. K.Pruess, J.Garcia, T.Kovscek, C.Oldenburg, J.Rutqvist, C.Steefel, and T.Xu
    . Intercomparison of numerical simulation codes for geologic disposal of CO2. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 112002.
     [Google Scholar]
  2. Comparison of numerical simulators for greenhouse gas storage in coalbeds, part iv: History match of field micropilot test data. In E.Rubin, D.Keith, C.Gilboy, M.Wilson, T.Morris, J.Gale, and K.Thambimuthu, editors, Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies 7, pages 2239 - 2242. Elsevier Science Ltd, Oxford, 2005.
     [Google Scholar]
  3. H.Class, A.Ebigbo, R.Helmig, H. K.Dahle, J. M.Nordbotten, M. A.Celia, P.Audigane, M.Darcis, J.Ennis-King, Y.Fan, B.Flemisch, S. E.Gasda, M.Jin, S.Krug, D.Labregere, A. NaderiBeni, R. J.Pawar, A.Sbai, S. G.Thomas, L.Trenty, and L.Wei
    . A benchmark study on problems related to CO2 storage in geologic formations. Computational Geosciences, 13(4):409, Jul2009.
     [Google Scholar]
  4. Y.Ding and P.Lemonnier
    . Use of corner point geometry in reservoir simulation. 1995.
     [Google Scholar]
  5. Hybrid mesh generation for reservoir flow simulation: Extension to highly deformed corner point geometry grids. Finite Elements in Analysis and Design, 46(1): 152–164, 2010.
     [Google Scholar]
  6. E.Gringarten, M.Haouesse, G.Arpat, and L.Nghiem
    . Advantages of using vertical stair step faults in reservoir grids for flow simulation. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 012009.
     [Google Scholar]
  7. M.Prevost
    . Accurate Coarse Reservoir Modeling Using Unstructured Grids, Flow-based Upscaling and Streamline Simulation.
     [Google Scholar]
  8. L. C.Young
    . Rigorous treatment of distorted grids in 3d. Society of Petroleum Engineers, pages 1–14, 1999.
     [Google Scholar]
  9. K.Aziz, K.Aziz, and A.Settari
    . Petroleum reservoir simulation.
     [Google Scholar]
  10. H. J. E.Brand, C. W. and K.Aziz
    . The grid orientation effect in reservoir simulation. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 11991.
     [Google Scholar]
  11. D. L. J. E. B.Chen, W. H. and S.Osher
    . Minimization of grid orientation effects through use of higher order finite difference methods. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 71993.
     [Google Scholar]
  12. T. H. A.Zhou, Y. and B. T.Mallison
    . Automatic differentiation framework for compositional simulation on unstructured grids with multi-point discretization schemes. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 12011.
     [Google Scholar]
  13. J.Niessner and R.Helmig
    . Multi-scale modelling of two-phase - two-component processes in heterogeneous porous media. Numerical Linear Algebra with Applications, 13:699-715, 11 2006.
     [Google Scholar]
  14. Q.Shao, S.Matthai, and L.Gross
    . Efficient modelling of co2 injection and plume spreading with discrete event simulation (des). In 14th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies Conference, Melbourne21–26 October 2018 (GHGT-14), 102018.
     [Google Scholar]
  15. . Efficient modelling of solute transport in heterogeneous media with discrete event simulation. Journal of Computational Physics, 384:134–150, 2019.
     [Google Scholar]
  16. Shao, Q., Matthai, S. K., Driesner, T., and Gross, L.
    , Predicting plume spreading during CO2 geo-sequestration: Benchmarking a new hybrid finite-element finite-volume compositional simulator with asynchronous time marchin. Computational Geoscience (2020). Accepted.
     [Google Scholar]
  17. J.Durlofsky, Louis
    . A triangle based mixed finite element-finite volume technique for modeling two phase flow through porous media. 105:252–266, 04 1993.
     [Google Scholar]
  18. M.Muskat, R. D.Wyckoff, H. G.Botset, and M. W.Meres
    . Flow of gas-liquid mixtures through sands. Transactions of the AIME, 123(01):69–96, 1937.
     [Google Scholar]
  19. S.Geiger, T.Driesner, C.Heinrich, and S.Matthai
    . Multiphase thermohaline convection in the earth’s crust: I. a new finite element - finite volume solution technique combined with a new equation of state for nacl-h2o. Transport in Porous Media, 63(3):399–434, 6 2006.
     [Google Scholar]
  20. P.Weis, T.Driesner, D.Coumou, and S.Geiger
    . Hydrothermal, multiphase convection of h2o-nacl fluids from ambient to magmatic temperatures: a new numerical scheme and benchmarks for code comparison. Geofluids, 14(3):347–371.
     [Google Scholar]
  21. N.Spycher, K.Pruess, and J.Ennis-King
    . Co2-h2o mixtures in the geological sequestration of co2. i. assessment and calculation of mutual solubilities from 12 to 100°c and up to 600 bar. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 67(16):3015–3031, 2003.
     [Google Scholar]
  22. T.Driesner and C. A.Heinrich
    . The system h2o-nacl. part i: Correlation formulae for phase relations in temperature-pressure-composition space from 0 to 1000°c, 0 to 5000bar, and 0 to 1 xNaCL. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 71(20):4880–4901, 2007.
     [Google Scholar]
  23. ANSYS
    ANSYS. Academic ICEM CFDtm Linux 64-bit, Release 17.2, July2016.
     [Google Scholar]
  24. J.Pellerin, A.Botella, F.Bonneau, A.Mazuyer, B.Chauvin, B.Levy, and G.Caumon
    . Ringmesh: A programming library for developing mesh-based geomodeling applications. Computers & Geosciences, 104:93–100, 2017.
     [Google Scholar]
  25. S. K.Verma
    . Flexible grids for reservoir simulation, 1996.
     [Google Scholar]
  26. P. A.Forsyth
    . A control-volume finite element method for local mesh refinement in thermal reservoir simulation. SPE Reservoir Engineering, 5(4): 561–566, 1990.
     [Google Scholar]
  27. J. G.Kim and M. D.Deo
    . Comparison of the performance of a discrete fracture multiphase model with those using conventional models. SPE Reservoir Simulation Symposium, (SPE51928), 14–17 Feb 1999.
     [Google Scholar]
  28. R.Huber and R.Helmig
    . Multiphase flow in heterogeneous porous media: A classical finite element method versus an implicit pressure-explicit saturation-based mixed finite element-finite volume approach. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids, 29(8):899–920, 1999.
     [Google Scholar]
  29. K.Stuben
    . Algebraic Multigrid (AMG): An Introduction with Applications. GMD-Report.
     [Google Scholar]
  30. S.K.Matthäi, S.Geiger, S.G.Roberts
    . The Complex Systems Platform CSP5.0: User’s guide, in, ETH, Zurich, Switzerland, 2004.
     [Google Scholar]
  31. S.K.Matthäi, S.Geiger, S.G.Roberts, A.Paluszny, M.Belayneh, A.Burri, A.Mezentsev, H.Lu, D.Coumou, T.Driesner, C.A.Heinrich
    . Numerical simulation of multi-phase fluid flow in structurally complex reservoirs, Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 292 (2007): 405–429.
     [Google Scholar]
  32. A.Paluszny, S.K.Matthäi, M.Hohmeyer
    , Hybrid finite element-finite volume discretization of complex geologic structures and a new simulation workflow demonstrated on fractured rocks, Geofluids, 7 (2007) 186–208.
     [Google Scholar]
  33. Aydin, A. and Eyal, Y.
    Anatomy of a normal fault with shale smear: implications for fault seal. AAPG bulletin, 86(8): 1367–1381, 2002.
     [Google Scholar]
  34. Rowan, M.G., Hart, B.S., Nelson, S., Flemings, P.B. and Trudgill, B.D.
    Three-dimensional geometry and evolution of a salt-related growth-fault array: Eugene Island 330 field, offshore Louisiana, Gulf of Mexico. Marine and petroleum geology, 15(4): 309–328, 1998.
     [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/papers/10.3997/2214-4609.202035016
Loading
Numerical Modelling of CO2 Migration through Faulted Storage Strata with a New Asynchronous FE-FV Compositional Simulator
Conference Proceedings 2020, 1 (2020); https://doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.202035016
/content/papers/10.3997/2214-4609.202035016
/content/papers/10.3997/2214-4609.202035016
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Most Cited This Month Most Cited RSS feed

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error