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The field of Oil and gas is indeed a well-packed area or jurisdiction when the topic of what contributes most to the Nigerian economy comes up for discussion. In this stead, it should not be a surprise that this paper has been brought to aid the reader with between understanding of some of the important parts within the industry. This paper stands to distill the reins of oil and gas in Nigeria with respect to ownership in recurring situations. Herein, there would be recourse made to the different theories which have been concocted in trying to give a definite answer to the topical issue. Also, the writer seeks to take the reader herein on an academic journey from jurisdiction to jurisdiction with respect to the provisions in these countries apart from Nigeria on who owns Oil and Gas at law’; reference being made to legislations such as the Land Use Act, Petroleum Act, amongst others. A delve into political history concerning the tussle between the State and Federal Government concerning ownership of mineral resources would also be made. Whilst all these are achieved, the writer would also expound on ownership with respect to gas flares, an inherent output of the Gas mineral source and the different theories concerning ownership.