Ionospheric Co-Seismic Effects after MW 5.9 Earthquake in Greece on 29 March 2024

Analysis and study of the spatial and local co-seismic ionospheric response as a result of the earthquake in Greece on 29 March 2024 is the main idea of this investigation. For the purposes of the present study, three types of ionospheric data: a) from the vertical sounding of the ionosphere; b) data obtained through an empirical model for forecasting the critical frequencies for the territory of Bulgaria and c) Total Electron Content (TEC) data were used. The main results show the presence of a positive response of the ionosphere, which is most significant near the epicenter of the earthquake and decreases with distance from it. There is also a delay in the response of 12–14 hours and the delay increasing with displacement to the equator and low latitudes. The obtained partial spatial variabilities of the ionospheric response confirm these results.