oa Fundamental Study on Subsurface CO2 Monitoring using Ambient Noise from Wind Turbine along Shore

CCS is one of the key technologies for achieving carbon neutrality in 2050. The CO2 stored underground needs to be monitored for decades, from the baseline before injection, during injection and after injection. On the other hand, wind power is a renewable energy source with many operations and has a proven history and planned introduction in coastal and offshore areas in Japan. This study examines the applicability of waves and microseismic sources originating from coastal wind farms for long-term monitoring of subsurface CO2. As a fundamental study, observations of ambient noise were carried out in the Tohoku region along the coast of the Sea of Japan at the vicinity of a large wind power facility. We characterized the ambient noise caused by wind turbines and shore waves. These microtremors were detected up to a distance of 1.5 km from the wind turbines. The possibility of low-cost long-term monitoring using ambient noise is discussed.