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Logging-while-drilling (LWD) resistivity measurements are valuable for coal mine formations, but commercial instruments are limited to resistivities below 500 Ω•m, whereas coal mines often have resistivities between 10 and 10,000 Ω•m. Horizontal well logging in coal mines is challenging due to non-homogeneous environments caused by low-resistivity drilling fluid and instruments operating near the borehole base, leading to calibration errors. The LWD resistivity measurement relies on electromagnetic (EM) wave propagation, but in highly resistive formations, the slow EM wave attenuation results in minimal differences between coaxial receivers, inaccurately reflecting resistivity variations. Additionally, factors like instrument eccentricity and borehole size disrupt EM field symmetry, introducing signal uncertainty. This paper optimizes LWD resistivity instrument parameters for high-resistivity detection in coal mines and models the effects of borehole size and drilling fluid resistivity on measurements in horizontal wells, providing insights into resistivity calibration in challenging environments.