Full text loading...
Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) has emerged as a critical technology for combating climate change by reducing CO2 emissions from industrial and energy sectors. A key decision in CCS development is the choice between onshore and offshore storage sites, each presenting unique technical, economic, and environmental trade-offs that influence their feasibility and long-term effectiveness.
Since the first dedicated CCS project began operation in 1996, the technology has advanced significantly, showcasing the viability of long-term CO2 storage, along with the critical role of monitoring protocols. Building on decades of experience and integrating advanced technologies such as seismic imaging, real-time sensors, satellite monitoring, and AI-driven data analytics, CCS projects today are better positioned to meet the challenges of global decarbonization.
This paper explores the lessons learned from past CCS projects and evaluates the challenges, opportunities, and critical factors that determine the suitability of onshore and offshore environments for future development.