Managing Seismicity and Characterizing Reservoirs to Enable Geothermal Energy Development while Minimizing Seismic Risk and Impacts

This study investigates the relationship between deep geothermal fluid injection and induced seismicity, focusing on the 2019–2020 seismic events near Strasbourg, France, as part of the Geoven project. A numerical model based on the diffusion equation was developed to simulate pressure perturbations, aiming to assess seismic risk and characterize reservoir behavior. Key processes such as fault geometry, regional tectonic stresses, and pore pressure variations were analyzed.

The research employs a stepwise methodology to evaluate fault reactivation potential and pressure diffusion in response to injection activities. Real injection and pressure data over a period were used to calibrate and validate the model. Both homogeneous and heterogeneous permeability scenarios were tested, showing that geological features like permeability barriers significantly influence pressure distribution. The inclusion of seismic events and post-seismic creep further improved model accuracy. This study emphasizes the significant role of subsurface pressure changes in initiating remote seismic events and the necessity of precise geo-reservoir characterization and geomechanical modeling to ensure safe and sustainable geothermal development. Through the integration of injection records, pressure data, and fault behavior analysis, it offers valuable understanding of the processes behind induced seismicity, contributing to more effective risk management in geothermal energy development.