4D Assessment of CCUS Potential through Synthetic Seismic Generation Using Forward Models

In response to global efforts to reduce CO2 emissions, the oil and gas industry is advancing techniques to identify viable storage areas, with 4D evaluation playing a crucial role. Forward stratigraphic modeling is particularly effective in data-limited scenarios, enabling geologically consistent subsurface models to characterize potential CO2 storage zones. Synthetic seismic generation complements this process by simulating seismic wave propagation through reservoirs, revealing geological properties and fluid dynamics. This simulation helps track CO2 distribution changes over time and supports validation of dynamic reservoir models. Integrating forward stratigraphic modeling with synthetic seismic generation establishes a robust workflow for assessing CCUS storage potential. The approach combines facies property modeling, sedimentary architecture representation, and fluid dynamics analysis with seismic impedance contrast evaluation. This integration accounts for CO2 distribution and saturation changes caused by injection and storage, creating a comprehensive method for optimizing storage zone identification.