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oa Seismic Monitoring of CO2 Migration through the Shallow Fault: Otway Project Case Study
- Publisher: European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers
- Source: Conference Proceedings, World CCUS Conference 2025, Sep 2025, Volume 2025, p.1 - 4
Abstract
The shallow CO2 controlled release experiment has been conducted at the Otway International Test Centre (OITC) in Victoria, Australia. The project carried out the injection of approximately 16 tonnes of gaseous CO2 at a depth of ∼77–87 m in the vicinity of the near-surface strike-slip sub-vertical Brumby’s Fault. The seismic monitoring technique – 4D reverse VSP (RVSP) – was employed to monitor the rapid development and movement of the carbon dioxide plume and obtain the 3D time-lapse distribution of the CO2 during and after the injection. The RVSP method involves installing a dense array of surface geophones around the injection well and includes using a high-frequency (∼ 1kHz) downhole source deployed in a nearby monitoring well. The RVSP approach allows the daily acquisition of a 3D seismic vintage, providing frequent updates on the plume evolution. We present the observation of the CO2 migration patterns using the results of seismic tomography of the RVSP time-lapse data. The seismic monitoring program highlights the effectiveness of the 4D reverse VSP technique for rapid data acquisition, making it well-suited for capturing fast-evolving subsurface processes.
