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Abstract

Summary

This study explores the use of magnetic iron oxide (IO) nanoparticles for CO foam stability and reservoir monitoring in geological carbon storage. Due to their high apparent viscosity, CO foams improve sweep efficiency and storage capacity in carbon utilization and storage processes. IO Nanoparticle-stabilized CO foams exhibit improved stability compared to foams stabilized solely with surfactants, may be recovered from the outflow stream, and facilitate subsurface monitoring by acting as tracers. Two nanoparticle detection methods are discussed: (1) Thermal Method: Measures temperature rise induced by magnetic induction heating to determine nanoparticle concentration in solution; (2) Frequency Shift Method – Detects nanoparticles by measuring resonance frequency shifts in a transistor oscillator circuit, caused by magnetic permeability changes. Experimental data suggest the response signal is linearly correlated with nanoparticle concentration for both methods. Reported data indicate that the lowest detected concentrations in the thermal method ranged from 60 to 120 mg/L, while the frequency-shift method detected signals at concentrations as low as 150 mg/L. Future improvements are needed to enhance sensitivity and expand field applicability.

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/content/papers/10.3997/2214-4609.202522093
2025-09-01
2026-02-11
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